{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:43:35Z","timestamp":1753879415882,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heart transplantation is the standard treatment for end\u2010stage heart disease. Despite advances in the field, patients remain under risk of developing complications, including opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis. We present the unprecedented case of cerebral tuberculoma in a 9\u2010year\u2010old heart transplant recipient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Scenario<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 9\u2010year\u2010old female child, who underwent heart transplantation in December 2020, was admitted to the emergency department in September 2021 due to headache and vomiting. She had normal vital signs and a mild left hemiparesis. Laboratory findings included lymphopenia and a low C Reactive Protein and brain images showed expansive lesions. A biopsy of the intracranial lesion was performed and anatomopathological analysis was compatible with tuberculoma. After the diagnosis was established, treatment protocol for neurotuberculosis was initiated, the patient had a satisfactory clinical evolution and was discharged 22\u2009days after admission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical manifestation of tuberculosis usually occurs up to 6\u2009months after transplantation, the findings are commonly atypical and symptoms may be mild. We could not find in medical literature any description of the disease in a heart transplant recipient as young as the one presented in this case report. We documented great response to treatment, even though conventional antituberculosis therapy may interfere with immunosuppression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients in the postoperative period following heart transplantation are at high risk for developing opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, which may present with atypical symptoms. Therefore the clinician must have a high index of suspicion in order to make the correct diagnosis and promptly start treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T02:38:28Z","timestamp":1678847908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain tuberculoma in pediatric heart transplant recipient"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7078-9647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Carpini","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo Medical School  Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Julia de Aro","family":"Braz\u00a0Corbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo Medical School  Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adailson Wagner da Silva","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo Medical School  Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Navajasegaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8341-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Sofia Silva","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo Medical School  Sao Paulo 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Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo Medical School  Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Tratado de cardiologia SOCESP","year":"2019","author":"Saraiva JFK","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315682"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2012.09.060"},{"volume-title":"Manual de Recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es para o Controle da Tuberculose no Brasil\/Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia das Doen\u00e7as 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