{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:25:37Z","timestamp":1780496737379,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicella vaccine, a live\u2010attenuated Oka\u2010strain of varicella zoster virus (VZV), is a recommended childhood vaccine by many countries. As with wild varicella strain, after primary infection, the live\u2010attenuated virus can establish latency in sensory ganglia and reactivate causing vaccine\u2010strain illnesses: herpes zoster (HZ), visceral or peripheral and central nervous system dissemination. We report a case of early reactivation of live\u2010attenuated virus\u2014HZ and meningoencephalitis\u2014in an immunocompromised child.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective descriptive report of a case, in a tertiary pediatric hospital, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine (Montr\u00e9al, Canada).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An 18\u2009month\u2010year old girl diagnosed with a primitive neuro\u2010ectodermal tumor (PNET) received the day prior to diagnosis, a first varicella vaccine (MMRV). She received chemotherapy 20\u2009days post MMRV vaccine and autologous bone marrow transplantation 3\u2009months post vaccination. She was considered not eligible, to acyclovir prophylaxis prior transplantation (positive for VZV IgG and negative for herpes simplex virus IgG by ELISA). At day 1 post transplantation, she developed dermatomal HZ and meningoencephalitis. Oka\u2010strain varicella was isolated, she was treated with acyclovir and foscarnet. Neurologic status improved in 5\u2009days. Control of VZV viral load in cerebrospinal fluid showed a slow decrease to from 5.24 log 10\u2009copies\/mL to 2.14 log 10 copies\/mL in 6\u2009weeks. No relapse was observed. She recovered without neurological sequelae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our experience highlights the importance of conducting a thorough medical history regarding vaccination and serological status of newly immunocompromised patients. Intensive chemotherapy succeeding live vaccine administration &lt;4\u2009weeks could have influenced early and severe viral reactivation. Early initiation of prophylactic antiviral treatment is questioned in such circumstances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T11:34:26Z","timestamp":1688384066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Varicella vaccine meningoencephalitis in a child receiving autologous bone marrow transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3287-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raad","family":"Coralie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chebel","family":"Ziad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Christian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"},{"name":"Microbiology Division, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teira","family":"Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buteau","family":"Chantal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics CHUQ\u2010Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapi\u00e9ro","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ovetchkine","family":"Philippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (QC)  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Canada PHA of.Immunization of immunocompromised persons: Canadian immunization guide.2007. Accessed March 14 2023https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public\u2010health\/services\/publications\/healthy\u2010living\/canadian\u2010immunization\u2010guide\u2010part\u20103\u2010vaccination\u2010specific\u2010populations\/page\u20108\u2010immunization\u2010immunocompromised\u2010persons.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111283252204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2455"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004407.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190802517740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2005.00382.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/378502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12180"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/petr.14562","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T13:01:21Z","timestamp":1725627681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/petr.14562"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/petr.14562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/petr.14562","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1397-3142","1399-3046"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1397-3142","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3046","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14562"}}