{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:26:41Z","timestamp":1784759201753,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]],"date-time":"2025-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric solid organ transplantation is a complex process including a tightly orchestrated medication regimen, essential for prevention of infection, rejection, graft failure, and mortality. Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing tailors medication therapy to the individual patient, focusing on safety, efficacy, and avoidance of adverse effects. Implementation of PGx panel results into clinical practice for pediatric transplant patients has not been evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric patients evaluated for heart, kidney, or combined heart\u2010kidney transplant at a tertiary children's hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 received PGx panel testing. Primary outcome measure: Report the prevalence of actionable PGx variants for key genes impacting pharmacotherapy in pre\u2010 and post\u2013heart and kidney transplant populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 73 patients were included, predominately white (84.9%) and male (64.4%), with a mean age of 8.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.4\u2009years. Indications for PGx testing included evaluation for heart transplant (38.4%), kidney transplant (38.4%), combined heart\u2013kidney transplant (4.1%), or to inform posttransplant care (19.2%). All patients had at least one actionable phenotype identified. 37 of 73 patients (50.7%) had at least one actionable phenotype for the transplant\u2010specific genes captured including <jats:italic>CYP3A5<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SLCO1B1, G6PD, TPMT<\/jats:italic>, prothrombin (Factor 2), and Factor V Leiden. 16 of 73 patients (21.9%) had actionable <jats:italic>CYP3A5<\/jats:italic> phenotypes. 15 of 73 (20.5%) had actionable <jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic> phenotypes. 9 of 73 patients (12.3%) had actionable <jats:italic>TPMT<\/jats:italic> phenotypes. 5 of 73 (6.8%) had Prothrombin or Factor V Leiden variants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine pretransplant PGx testing provided information that was actionable and could be utilized to optimize posttransplant medications for all patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T07:45:43Z","timestamp":1739259943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of Pharmacogenomic Testing in Pediatric Heart and Kidney Transplant"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8212-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Primary Children's Hospital  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5803-8226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Heyrend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Primary Children's Hospital  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Bucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Primary Children's Hospital  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashlie","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Primary Children's Hospital  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7208-6574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0851-7496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsay J.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8775-147X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua L.","family":"Bonkowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Center for Personalized Medicine Primary Children's Hospital  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2017.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2006.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2021.1943356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2016.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.13248"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318200e991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11317350-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11317550-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-018-0322-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"Tacrolimus \u201cLexi\u2010Drugs. 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