{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T20:52:37Z","timestamp":1783198357771,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI083216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI083216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric heart transplant recipients are at risk for complications from prolonged exposure to immunosuppressive drugs, possibly worsened due to over\u2010immune suppression in patients with pre\u2010existing immune abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective, single\u2010center pediatric cohort study and review of baseline immune evaluation in patients referred for heart transplant. Referrals included were from January 1, 2021, to June 31, 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010one patients were referred during the time period with a median age of 5\u2009years (ranging 1\u2009month\u201020\u2009years). Twenty\u2010seven total patients were transplanted. Given a lack of standardized immune evaluation, results were focused on lymphocyte quantitation, functional testing when available, and T\u2010cell subsets. Outcome measures focused on the number of infections and episodes of rejection requiring treatment. In total, 44.4% of patients experienced rejection, and the mean number of infections in the first 12\u2009months post\u2010heart transplant was 2.1 (range 0\u20137 total infections).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline immune evaluation showed general T and B cell lymphopenia, without a clear connection between outcome differences for the number of infections or episodes of rejection requiring treatment. This small study demonstrated some differences in immune function in patients prior to heart transplant but was inadequately powered to draw conclusions about the effects of immunosuppression on post\u2010transplant outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.70052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T05:45:08Z","timestamp":1740548708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pre\u2010Transplant Immunophenotyping in Pediatric Heart Transplant: A Role for the Immunologist?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3170-381X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren","family":"Gunderman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Division of Immunology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Lancki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Madden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2021.1985889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2024.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinmicnews.2012.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"R Core Team \u201cR: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing \u201dR Foundation for Statistical Computing. 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