{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:54:24Z","timestamp":1747187664985,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>California's Senate Bill 277 (SB277) was mandated to reduce the prevalence of measles by eliminating personal belief exemptions. This study evaluated seven county\u2010level records to determine the impact of SB277 on immunizations among kindergarteners in Northern California.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used a quantitative postintervention secondary data analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included three kindergarten schools in seven Northern California counties during three academic years from 2015 to 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010three previously collected school measurements involving 4,626 students were included in a secondary analysis. The study used grouped logistic regression to evaluate the variations in immunization compliance records (2015\u201316 vs. 2017\u201318 and 2018\u201319) among kindergartners in seven counties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study found no significant differences in (1) overall county\u2010level measures and (2) the likelihood that kindergartners would be current with measles\u2013mumps\u2013rubella (MMR; OR\u00a0=\u00a01.12, CI\u00a0=\u00a00.79\u20131.62) or be up\u2010to\u2010date with five immunizations (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.08, CI\u00a0=\u00a00.77\u20131.52) post\u2010SB277 versus pre\u2010SB277.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study showed that SB277 had a small clinical but nonstatistically significant impact on kindergartners' up\u2010to\u2010date with up\u2010to\u2010date rates of compliance with five immunizations and those current with two doses of MMR in seven Northern California counties. Despite the passing of SB277, vaccine\u2010hesitant parents have continued to seek alternatives to immunizations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phn.12821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T05:41:03Z","timestamp":1602740463000},"page":"279-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of governmental regulations on compliance with MMR immunizations in Northern California"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1731-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"La Cole","family":"Blackshire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of California, Davis Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4075-0151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Iyiegbuniwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Education Health &amp; Human Services California State University San Marcos CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Regions|CA census","year":"2020","author":"California Census 2020","key":"e_1_2_5_2_1"},{"volume-title":"Measles","year":"2019","author":"California Department of Public Health [CDPH]","key":"e_1_2_5_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","unstructured":"California Law. (1995).California Health and Safety Code\u2010HSC. Division 105. communicable disease and control. Part 2 immunizations 120325\u2010120375 6075. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=HSC&division=105.&title=&part=2.&chapter=1.&article"},{"volume-title":"Measles cases and outbreaks","year":"2019","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]","key":"e_1_2_5_5_1"},{"volume-title":"Questions about measles","year":"2019","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1"},{"volume-title":"U.S. measles cases in first five months of 2019 surpass total cases per year for past 25 years","year":"2019","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]","key":"e_1_2_5_7_1"},{"volume-title":"Birth\u201018 years immunization schedule","year":"2019","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]","key":"e_1_2_5_8_1"},{"volume-title":"SchoolVaxView","year":"2020","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]","key":"e_1_2_5_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.9242"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.25085"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129121"},{"volume-title":"Public health: Vaccinations, no. SB277, California Senate","year":"2015","author":"SB\u2010277","key":"e_1_2_5_13_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176344136"},{"volume-title":"Shotsforschools","year":"2016","author":"Shots for Schools","key":"e_1_2_5_15_1"},{"volume-title":"Shotsforschools","year":"2018","author":"Shots for Schools","key":"e_1_2_5_16_1"},{"volume-title":"Kindergarten data and reports 2018\u20132019 school year","year":"2019","author":"Shots for Schools","key":"e_1_2_5_17_1"},{"volume-title":"Stata: Software for statistics and data science","year":"2019","author":"Stata: Software for Statistics and Data Science","key":"e_1_2_5_18_1"},{"volume-title":"U.S. census bureau quickfacts: California","year":"2019","author":"United States Census Bureau","key":"e_1_2_5_19_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4150"},{"volume-title":"Measles","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","key":"e_1_2_5_21_1"},{"volume-title":"Improving vaccination demand and addressing hesitancy","year":"2020","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","key":"e_1_2_5_22_1"}],"container-title":["Public Health Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phn.12821","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/phn.12821","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phn.12821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T00:59:43Z","timestamp":1693616383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/phn.12821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/phn.12821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phn.12821","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-1209","1525-1446"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0737-1209"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1525-1446"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}