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Algae were exposed <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> to photosynthetically active radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content>) at 70\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>mol photons m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\u00a0s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content> + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> at 0.35\u00a0W\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content> +<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVA<\/jats:styled-content> at 0.70\u00a0W\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> during a 12\u2010h photocycle for 3\u00a0h each day for 7\u00a0days. The effects of radiation and copper on growth rates, content of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic performance were analyzed. In addition, samples were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. The content of photosynthetic pigments decreased after exposure to radiation and Cu. Compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content> radiation and copper treatments modified the kinetics patterns of the photosynthesis\/irradiance curve. The treatments also caused changes in the ultrastructure of cortical and subcortical cells, including increased cell wall thickness and accumulation of plastoglobuli, as well as changes in the organization of chloroplasts. The results indicate that the synergistic interaction between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> radiation and Cu in <jats:italic>P.\u00a0capillacea<\/jats:italic>, led to the failure of protective mechanisms and causing more drastic changes and cellular imbalances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T21:21:11Z","timestamp":1417209671000},"page":"359-370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation (<scp>UVA<\/scp>+<scp>UVB<\/scp>) and Copper on the Morphology, Ultrastructural Organization and Physiological Responses of the Red Alga <i>Pterocladiella capillacea<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"\u00c9der C.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Research of Postgraduate Program in Cell Biology and Development Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and 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