{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T18:25:22Z","timestamp":1760898322674},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photochem &amp; Photobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>One inescapable feature of life on the earth is exposure to ionizing radiation. The thyroid gland is one of the most sensitive organs to gamma\u2010radiation and endocrine disrupters. Low\u2010level laser therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLLT<\/jats:styled-content>) has been used to stimulate tissue repair, and reduce inflammation. The aim of this study was to gauge the value of using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>elium\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>eon laser to repair the damaged tissues of thyroid gland after gamma\u2010irradiation. Albino rats were used in this study (144 rats), divided into control, gamma, laser, and gamma plus laser\u2010irradiated groups, each group was divided into six subgroups according to time of treatment (total six sessions). Rats were irradiated once with gamma radiation (6\u00a0Gy), and an external dose of laser (Wavelength 632.8\u00a0nm, 12\u00a0mW, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CW<\/jats:styled-content>, Illuminated area 5.73\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 2.1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mW<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>, 120\u00a0s, 1.4\u00a0J, 0.252\u00a0J\u00a0cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) twice weekly localized on thyroid region of the neck, for a total of six sessions. Animals were sacrificed after each session. Analysis included thyroid function, oxidative stress markers, liver function and blood picture. Results revealed improvement in thyroid function, liver function and antioxidant levels, and the blood cells count after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLLT<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T15:17:54Z","timestamp":1431616674000},"page":"942-951","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Phototherapeutic Effect of Low\u2010Level Laser on Thyroid Gland of Gamma\u2010Irradiated Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Nadia","family":"Morcos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manar","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Department National Centre for Radiation Research &amp; Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"Ghanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Elahdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Department National Centre for Radiation Research &amp; Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nashwa","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Department National Centre for Radiation Research &amp; Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elbatoul","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Biology Department National Centre for Radiation Research &amp; Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of Spirulina against Gamma irradiation induced oxidative stress and tissue injury in rats","volume":"1","author":"Makhlouf R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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