{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T03:18:44Z","timestamp":1761621524365,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photochem &amp; Photobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Photodynamic therapy is taking importance as a nonintrusive treatment for nail onychomycosis. Knowledge of true transmittance values across nails could lead to qualitative and quantitative improvements in light\u2010based treatments. We have characterized the spectral transmittance of healthy and fungally infected human fingernails and toenails according to nail thickness, and we propose a surface transmittance model for the small\u2010scale optimization of light\u2010based treatments. Transmittance of fingernails and toenails was analyzed by means of spectroradiometric measurements under solar\u2010simulated visible light radiation (400\u00a0nm to 750\u00a0nm). The nail thickness was measured by means of microscope measurement. Transmittance was highest at longer wavelengths and decreased gradually as the wavelengths became shorter but with a significant nail transmittance of around 20% in the blue region of the spectrum. In the case of nails affected by onychomycosis, transmittance fell to under 10% because of the thickness of the nails, with no changes in spectral characteristics of transmitted light. Nail thickness is the main variable controlling exponentially light transmission in the visible spectrum and not only red radiation is effective for nail onychomycosis PDT. Blue light, the spectral band more effective for PPIX absorption is also effectively transmitted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.13296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]],"date-time":"2020-06-13T20:23:33Z","timestamp":1592079813000},"page":"1267-1272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Nail Thickness on Visible Radiation Transmittance: Implications for New Photodynamic Therapy Technologies in Onychomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0938-5643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique Navarrete\u2010","family":"de G\u00e1lvez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Engineering Area Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects of M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1911-111X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre Department of Dermatology and Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5863-495X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Victoria","family":"de G\u00e1lvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre Department of Dermatology and Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0952-026X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Fonda\u2010Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service. Defence Central Hospital G\u00f3mez Ulla Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3654-4344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Herrera\u2010Ceballos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre Department of Dermatology and Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2862-7329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Gago\u2010Calder\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Engineering Area Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects of M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2020.100949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000485632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"762","article-title":"Onychomycosis: current trends in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"88","author":"Westerberg D. 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