{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T07:38:05Z","timestamp":1781077085688,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EB029921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EB029921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photochem &amp; Photobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast abscesses are a common issue that affects both breastfeeding and nonpuerperal patients. Even with image\u2010guided drainage and antibiotics, these recur frequently due to unresolved infection. One potential adjunct treatment is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which uses photosensitive compounds to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. Here, we investigate the feasibility of using antimicrobial PDT to treat breast abscesses through a retrospective Monte Carlo simulation study. This study included adult subjects that had ultrasound\u2010guided breast abscess aspiration over a five\u2010year period at our institution (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009119). Pre\u2010procedure ultrasound images were segmented and used to produce either idealized ellipsoidal volumes or extrapolated segmented volumes for simulated PDT treatment planning. We investigated the effects of abscess wall optical properties and the presence of intra\u2010cavity scattering on our ability to achieve target fluence rates of 4 or 20\u2009mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in 95% of the abscess wall. Without intra\u2010cavity scattering, eligibility at the 4\u2009mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> fluence rate target ranged from 99.2%\u2013100% for ellipsoidal volumes and 76.1%\u201380.7% for segmented volumes. With intra\u2010cavity scattering added, eligibility at the 4\u2009mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> target increased significantly to 93.4%\u2013100% for segmented volumes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). However, this required significantly higher optical power (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). PDT therefore appears to be feasible in this patient population and merits further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.14085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T17:40:32Z","timestamp":1741714832000},"page":"1154-1164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Feasibility of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treatment of breast abscesses: Retrospective Monte Carlo simulation study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4476-5609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy M.","family":"Baran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging Sciences University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lam","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goergen Institute for Data Science University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nebojsa","family":"Duric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging Sciences University of Rochester  Rochester New York 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