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However, it necessitates a metal hydride (MH, [CpRh(bpy)(H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O)]\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) as a synergist, and the high cost of the Rh noble metal significantly impedes the development and application of in\u2010situ NADH regeneration. Therefore, in this study, single\u2010atom Rh was immobilized onto the CdS QDs@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    combination via a consecutive ball\u2010milling technique in combination with ionic layer adsorption and substitution. Subsequently, an enhanced photo\u2010metal synergistic catalysis system for the recyclable regeneration of NADH was developed. In this composite, the single\u2010atom Rh serves two main functions: It acts as an electrical medium and a metal catalyst, which regulates the activity and selectivity of the regenerated NADH. This study has successfully addressed the key scientific issues regarding the low electron transport rate and the recycling of the Rh noble metal during catalysis. Results confirm that single\u2010atom Rh is successfully immobilized onto the CdS QDs@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    combination (Rh\u2010CdS@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and exhibits a faster electron transport and enhanced selectivity. Under blue light (LED, 420\u2009nm) irradiation, the Rh\u2010CdS@SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    photo\u2010metal catalyst shows a 25\u2010fold increase in recyclable operability and achieves a 68% regeneration yield of NADH in just 4\u2009min. Moreover, (S)\u2010(+)\u20104\u2010phenyl\u20102\u2010butanol can be obtained with the regenerated NADH as the coenzyme of P450 enzyme catalysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.70009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T07:06:29Z","timestamp":1755587189000},"page":"433-445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>CdS QDs<\/scp>\n                    @\n                    <scp>SiO<\/scp>\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    immobilized Rh for photo\u2010metal synergistic catalysis of\n                    <scp>NADH<\/scp>\n                    recyclable regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Manufacturing for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6350-4120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Manufacturing for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Manufacturing for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sansan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Manufacturing for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xujuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Manufacturing for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University  Zunyi 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