{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T07:17:12Z","timestamp":1787901432033,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102023\u201004598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102023\u201004598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photochem &amp;amp; Photobiology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ultraviolet (UV) A represents 95% of the UV rays reaching the ocular surface. These rays exert their toxicity mainly via photosensitization reactions that generate oxidation and are implicated in various pathologies of the anterior segment of the eye. The cornea absorbs some UVA rays, but the majority passes through the aqueous humor (AH) to reach the lens. Previous work has mainly focused on understanding the consequences of UVA exposure on the cornea and lens, but the AH has been largely ignored. AH contains a high concentration of antioxidants and thus represents a key line of defense against oxidative stress in the anterior part of the eye. Using cadaveric rabbit eyes, we have evaluated the influence of ocular UVA exposure on oxidation in AH. Ocular exposure to UVA mediates the reduction of ascorbic acid levels in AH and results in a marked decrease in the reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH\/GSSG) ratio in AH, an increase in\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010glutathionylated proteins (PSSG) content, and in the accumulation of toxic diffusible products such as malondialdehyde, a toxic by\u2010product resulting from lipid peroxidation. These generated products can threaten the integrity of the trabecular meshwork during AH outflow or of structures in contact with AH such as the corneal endothelium or the lens. This work represents the first evidence that the toxicity of UVA to the eye can be mediated by its effect on AH. A better understanding of the effects induced by UVA on AH redox homeostasis is important if we want to better understand the risks associated with ocular UVA exposure.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/php.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:30:42Z","timestamp":1787898642000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early oxidation\u2010related changes in aqueous humor following eye exposure to ultraviolet\u2010A radiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Corinne","family":"Zinflou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d'Ophtalmologie et ORL\u00a0\u2013 Chirurgie Cervico\u2010Faciale, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0678-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Rochette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d'Ophtalmologie et ORL\u00a0\u2013 Chirurgie Cervico\u2010Faciale, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX Universit\u00e9 Laval  Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2011.00977.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet light\u2010induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in rabbit eyes","volume":"87","author":"Mallet JD","year":"2011","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1989.tb05553.x","article-title":"The biological effects of UV\u2010B on the eye","volume":"50","author":"Taylor HR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"776","article-title":"Transmission of the ocular media","volume":"1","author":"Boettner EA","year":"1962","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1999.0687","article-title":"The optical properties of the anterior segment of the eye: implications for cortical cataract","volume":"68","author":"Dillon J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","article-title":"Ascorbic acid (AA) versus dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) in the aqueous humor\u2014a novel functional unit","volume":"7","author":"Ringvold A","year":"2020","journal-title":"JSM Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02972.x","article-title":"Ocular light damage","volume":"57","author":"Zigman S","year":"1993","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"899","article-title":"Environmental near\u2010UV radiation and cataracts","volume":"72","author":"Zigman S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(90)85014-N","article-title":"New trends in photobiology. 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