{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T13:36:39Z","timestamp":1773408999809,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,7]],"date-time":"2013-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sunburn is a common feature in sunscreen users. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the expected frequency and magnitude of sunburn resulting from typical use of sunscreens labelled <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>15 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>30 by people spending long periods outdoors in strong summer sunshine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>By combining the probability distribution of the measured sun protection factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>) <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> with those for the average application thickness and the uniformity of application over the skin surface, a simulation model was developed to estimate the variation in delivered protection over the exposed skin surface from consumer use of sunscreens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>While either sunscreen, if delivering the nominal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content> over the entire exposed skin, would be sufficient to prevent any erythema, the simulation indicates that the combination of the average quantity applied with the variability in thickness over the skin surface will lead to erythema, especially in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>15 sunscreen users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>People who intend spending long periods outside in strong sunshine would be better advised to use <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>30 labelled sunscreens than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>15 sunscreens, and to apply the product carefully over exposed skin if they wish to minimize their risk of sunburn and, by implication, skin cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,14]],"date-time":"2013-05-14T10:05:17Z","timestamp":1368525917000},"page":"111-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The likelihood of sunburn in sunscreen users is disproportionate to the <scp>SPF<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Pissavini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster\u2013Coty International Research &amp; Development Center  Monte Carlo Monaco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Diffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatological Sciences Institute of Cellular Medicine University of Newcastle  Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.2011.Skin cancer: prevention using public information sun protection resources and changes to the environment. 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