{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:57:42Z","timestamp":1790207862492,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain is the major drawback of photodynamic therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content>), an otherwise effective treatment for actinic keratoses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKs<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine pain intensity and its dependence upon various factors during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> with 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid for face\/scalp <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKs<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective, randomized, within\u2010patient comparison study was performed. Thirty\u2010eight patients with at least two clearly definable, mild or moderate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKs<\/jats:styled-content> were randomized to receive either a red light dose of 70 or 100\u2009J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> as a first or second split face\/scalp treatment. They were blinded to the light dose administered. Pain during treatment was assessed using a visual analog scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean intensity of pain during the first treatment session was 5.00 (\u00b1\u20091.78), while during the follow\u2010up <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content> score was 4.50 (\u00b1\u20091.51). Bigger <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKs<\/jats:styled-content> (&gt;\u2009130\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) were more painful than the smaller ones (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKs<\/jats:styled-content> on the face were twice more painful than the ones on the scalp (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Gender and patient age were poor pain predictors. Pain was independent of the patient's Fitzpatrick skin type, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content> clinical grade, pretreatment fluorescence intensity, and the light dose during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> is associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content> location and size. Treatment of bigger lesions (&gt;\u2009130\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) results in more pain than smaller ones and treatment of the face is more painful than the scalp area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,2]],"date-time":"2013-07-02T04:44:03Z","timestamp":1372740243000},"page":"173-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Pain during topical photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses with 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid and red light source: randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Evelina","family":"Buinauskaite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy  Kaunas Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimantas","family":"Zalinkevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Academy Lithuanian 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