{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:57:55Z","timestamp":1790233075608,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,6]],"date-time":"2014-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We present research on sunscreen use with possible pitfalls and discuss theory vs. reality. A literature review in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PubM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ed was conducted using the terms \u2018sunscreen application\u2019, \u2018sunscreen use\u2019 and \u2018sun protection factor\u2019. The sun protection factor (SPF) of sunscreens are tested using a thickness of 2\u2009mg\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , but investigations show that sunscreen under natural conditions is applied insufficiently with amounts about 0.39 to 1.0\u2009mg\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which decreases the protection factor considerably. It has been shown that early reapplication or use of very high\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (70\u2013100) may partly compensate for the discrepancy between the amounts of sunscreen applied during testing and in reality, and that sunscreen application can be improved by education of consumers. Missing areas and ultraviolet radiation exposure before sunscreen application are other pitfalls that reduce the protective effect of sunscreens considerably. Current sunscreen labelling overrates the protective effect of a given sunscreen when the reality of sunscreen use is taken into account. This may possibly mislead consumers to feel it is safe to extend sun exposure. Alternatively to educating people to use large amounts of sunscreen, we suggest a simple teaching strategy: (1) Apply before sun exposure and (2) Reapply once within 1\u2009h.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]],"date-time":"2013-12-09T05:58:43Z","timestamp":1386568723000},"page":"96-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Application of sunscreen \u2212 theory and reality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Bibi","family":"Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Research Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Christian","family":"Wulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Research Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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