{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T23:59:31Z","timestamp":1776988771616,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Tranexamic acid (trans\u20104\u2010aminomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid) is a medicinal amino acid used in skin whitening care. This study examined the effects of tranexamic acid on the melanocyte activation of the skin induced by an ultraviolet (UV<\/jats:styled-content>) B<\/jats:styled-content> eye irradiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The eye or ear was locally exposed to UVB<\/jats:styled-content> at a dose of 1.0\u2009kJ\/m2<\/jats:sup> using a 20SE<\/jats:styled-content> sunlamp after covering the remaining body surface with aluminum foil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>UVB<\/jats:styled-content> eye irradiation induced melanocyte activation of the skin, similar to that observed following UVB<\/jats:styled-content> ear irradiation, which was suppressed by the administration of tranexamic acid treatment. The plasma \u03b1\u2010melanocyte\u2010stimulating hormone (\u03b1\u2010MSH<\/jats:styled-content>) content was increased by UVB<\/jats:styled-content> irradiation of the eye; however, the increase in \u03b1\u2010MSH<\/jats:styled-content> was suppressed by tranexamic acid treatment. In addition, UVB<\/jats:styled-content> eye irradiation induced the up\u2010regulation of prohormone convertase (PC<\/jats:styled-content>) 2 in the pituitary gland. Meanwhile, the increase in PC2<\/jats:styled-content> induced by UVB<\/jats:styled-content> eye irradiation was suppressed by tranexamic acid treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>These results clearly indicate that tranexamic acid decreases the expression of PC2<\/jats:styled-content>, which cleavages from proopiomelanocortin to \u03b1\u2010MSH<\/jats:styled-content> in the pituitary gland, thereby suppressing melanocyte activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]],"date-time":"2014-07-24T06:43:02Z","timestamp":1406184182000},"page":"302-307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Tranexamic acid suppresses ultraviolet B eye irradiation\u2010induced melanocyte activation by decreasing the levels of prohormone convertase 2 and alpha\u2010melanocyte\u2010stimulating hormone"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Hiramoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Science Suzuka University of Medical Science Mie Japan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurika","family":"Yamate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daijiro","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare CO., LTD. Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yumi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare CO., LTD. Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiichi","family":"Mafune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare CO., LTD. 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