{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:49:05Z","timestamp":1790682545941,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Skin scars and striae distensae (SD<\/jats:styled-content>) are common dermal disorders with ill\u2010defined treatment options. There is emerging clinical evidence for use of photodynamic therapy (PDT<\/jats:styled-content>) in treating skin fibrosis. Therefore, the aim here was to investigate the effect of PDT<\/jats:styled-content> on skin scars and SD<\/jats:styled-content> in an ex\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> model of human skin scarring.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Photodynamic therapy, with 5ALA<\/jats:styled-content> or MALA<\/jats:styled-content> in addition to illumination with 40\u00a0J\/cm2<\/jats:sup> of red light, was applied to striae alba, fine line, hypertrophic and keloid scars ex\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> (n\u00a0=\u00a018). General morphology was assessed by H&E, Herovici's and Weigert's differential staining. Apoptosis, proliferation, metalloproteinase 3 and tropoelastin expression were quantified immunohistochemically, and differential gene expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA<\/jats:styled-content>), collagen (COL<\/jats:styled-content>) type I and type III<\/jats:styled-content>, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP<\/jats:styled-content>3) and tropoelastin (ELN<\/jats:styled-content>) was assessed by real\u2010time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Apoptosis increased, which correlated with decreased proliferation and PCNA<\/jats:styled-content> gene expression. Post\u2010PDT<\/jats:styled-content>, matrix components were found to be re\u2010organised in both hypertrophic and keloid scars. COLI<\/jats:styled-content> and COLIII<\/jats:styled-content> gene expression levels decreased, whilst MMP<\/jats:styled-content>3 and ELN<\/jats:styled-content> increased significantly post\u2010PDT<\/jats:styled-content> compared to normal skin and untreated controls (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.05). However, no significant difference between 5ALA<\/jats:styled-content> and MALA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010PDT<\/jats:styled-content> treatments was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Using our unique ex\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> model, we show for the first time morphological and cellular effect of application of PDT<\/jats:styled-content>, which correlates with the degree and severity of dermal fibrosis. In view of this, PDT<\/jats:styled-content> may be ideal in targeting treatment of abnormal skin scarring.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,4]],"date-time":"2015-04-04T08:10:54Z","timestamp":1428135054000},"page":"239-251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Ex vivo<\/i> evaluation of the effect of photodynamic therapy on skin scars and striae distensae"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jenifer","family":"Mendoza\u2010Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Group School of Materials The University of Manchester Manchester UK"},{"name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Alonso\u2010Rasgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Group School of Materials The University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ardeshir","family":"Bayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Group School of Materials The University of Manchester Manchester UK"},{"name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research Group Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) The University of Manchester Manchester UK"},{"name":"University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust Centre for Dermatology Institute of Inflammation and Repair Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2013.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7380.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181e6046b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7452.1329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2pp25124h"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2010.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2011.00619.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2010.00539.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-012-1295-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-012-1264-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.697987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2011.00577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20213"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10576.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00238-012-0794-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2011.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-010-0479-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-91"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2010.00786.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000244828.80490.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/969618"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2012.01476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2011.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19981029)78:3<310::AID-IJC9>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Current evidence and applications of photodynamic therapy in dermatology","volume":"21","author":"Wan MT","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2009.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-1014-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04249.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2007.00343.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0417"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Apoptotic cells activate the \u201cphoenix rising\u201d pathway to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration","volume":"23","author":"Li F","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12843"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3142"}],"container-title":["Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fphpp.12180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phpp.12180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T09:13:57Z","timestamp":1695546837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/phpp.12180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/phpp.12180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phpp.12180","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-4383","1600-0781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-4383","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0781","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}}}