{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:35:39Z","timestamp":1790141739564,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]],"date-time":"2015-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102013R1A1A2006944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102013R1A1A2006944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"Background\/purpose<\/jats:title>A relatively long incubation time is needed for photosensitizer absorption in conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT<\/jats:styled-content>) for actinic keratosis (AK<\/jats:styled-content>). The use of ablative CO<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:sub> fractional lasers (AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>s) to increase drug delivery could shorten the incubation time. Here, we aimed to compare the efficacy between AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010assisted PDT<\/jats:styled-content> with a short incubation time and conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content> for AK<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Patients with histopathologically confirmed facial AK<\/jats:styled-content> were randomly divided into two groups. The lesions were histopathologically classified into grades I\u2013III. In the AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010assisted PDT<\/jats:styled-content> group, an ablative fractional laser was used for pretreatment, prior to the application of methyl aminolevulinate, with an incubation time of 90\u00a0min. Irradiation was performed with a 630\u2010nm light\u2010emitting diode. In the conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content> group, the incubation time was 180\u00a0min. All the patients received two rounds of PDT<\/jats:styled-content> at 2\u2010week intervals and underwent clinical or histological evaluation at 10\u00a0weeks after the first PDT<\/jats:styled-content> course.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Twenty\u2010two patients underwent conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content> and 24 patients underwent AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010assisted PDT<\/jats:styled-content>. Thirty\u2010four AK<\/jats:styled-content>s were included in the conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content> group, and 35 AK<\/jats:styled-content>s were included in the AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010assisted PDT<\/jats:styled-content> group. The clearance rate was 64.7% in the conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content> and 71.4% in the AFXL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010assisted PDT<\/jats:styled-content> group; no significant differences in the clearance rate were noted between the groups (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.55). The clearance rates for each grade also did not significantly differ between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The use of AFXL<\/jats:styled-content> before PDT<\/jats:styled-content> reduced the incubation time, but yielded similar treatment efficacy as compared to conventional PDT<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T15:10:11Z","timestamp":1432653011000},"page":"296-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Fractional carbon dioxide laser\u2010assisted photodynamic therapy for patients with actinic keratosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Hyo Sang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo\u2010Eun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Hyun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Kyungpook National University School of Medicine Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun\u2010So","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(92)85108-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12507"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000183753"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2013.25.4.417"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2013.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"CD004415","article-title":"Interventions for actinic keratoses","volume":"12","author":"Gupta AK","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20860"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10893.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11103.x"}],"container-title":["Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fphpp.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phpp.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T16:09:27Z","timestamp":1695485367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/phpp.12184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/phpp.12184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phpp.12184","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-4383","1600-0781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-4383","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0781","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]}}}