{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:49:21Z","timestamp":1775022561178,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Google Trends<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content>) offers insight into public interests and behaviors and holds potential for guiding public health campaigns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explored international trends in English\u2010speaking countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) in searches for <jats:italic>sunscreen<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> sunburn<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> skin cancer,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>melanoma<\/jats:italic> to better guide skin cancer prevention campaigns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Google Trends<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> was queried for search terms from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2017. Respective national databases were queried for melanoma outcome data from 2004 to 2014 and compared with time\u2010matched search data. Correlations between search terms, time, and melanoma outcomes were assessed for each country. Quantitative analyses were performed to evaluate differences in search volumes between countries with varying melanoma incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all countries, the strongest intra\u2010term correlation was between <jats:italic>sunscreen<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sunburn<\/jats:italic>. Searches for <jats:italic>sunscreen<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sunburn<\/jats:italic> are increasing for all countries. For all countries except the United Kingdom and New Zealand, searches for <jats:italic>skin cancer<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>melanoma<\/jats:italic> are decreasing for one or both terms. Correlations between search terms and melanoma outcomes were variable and specific to each country. Quantitative analysis revealed that countries with higher melanoma incidence had higher search volumes for all terms. Search volumes were especially high for <jats:italic>skin cancer<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>melanoma<\/jats:italic> in Australia compared with other countries. Comparisons between moderate melanoma incidence countries were less clear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Online skin cancer prevention campaigns should focus on the search terms <jats:italic>sunburn<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sunscreen<\/jats:italic>, especially given the declining interest between 2004 and 2016 in the terms <jats:italic>skin cancer<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>melanoma<\/jats:italic> seen in multiple countries. Search term interests varied with melanoma outcomes and between countries, suggesting the importance of customizing approaches based on local population interests and geographic areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T12:29:04Z","timestamp":1536582544000},"page":"87-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["An international comparison of Google searches for <i>sunscreen, sunburn, skin cancer,<\/i> and <i>melanoma<\/i>: Current trends and public health implications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7248-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary H.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Secrest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Dermatology and Population Health Sciences University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07634"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.3008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1216"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"internetlivestats.com. Accessed February 14 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.3176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.3754"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review","author":"Howlader N","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Cancer Research UK.http:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/health-professional\/cancer-statistics\/statistics-by-cancer-type\/skin-cancer. 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Accessed September 6 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Sun Awareness Week Survey by the British Association of Dermatologists 2015.2017.http:\/\/www.bad.org.uk\/News.aspx?sitesectionid=154***%5band%5d***sitesectiontitle=Press+Releases***%5band%5d***q=Eight%20out%20of%20ten%20people%20are%20failing%20to%20adequately%20apply%20sunscreen%20before%20going%20out%20in%20the%20sun %20according%20to%20a%20survey%20carried%20out%20by%20the%20British%20Association%20of%20Dermatologists%20to%20mark%20Sun%20Awareness%20Week%20(9th-15th%20May).***%5band%5d***range=Eight%20out%20of%20ten%20people%20are%20failing%20to%20adequately%20apply%20sunscreen%20before%20going%20out%20in%20the%20sun%2c%20according%20to%20a%20survey%20carried%20out%20by%20the%20British%20Association%20of%20Dermatologists%20to%20mark%20Sun%20Awareness%20Week%20%289th-15th%20May%29.***%5band%5d***l=0. 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