{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T07:00:10Z","timestamp":1763535610779,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007475","name":"Canadian Dermatology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007475","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sun exposure is the most important\u00a0environmental risk factor for causing skin cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examines the relationship between sun protection behaviours and modifiable lifestyle risk factors for other cancers as well as vitamin D levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional data were analysed from two large national health surveys (n\u00a0=\u00a031, 445 and n\u00a0=\u00a05604). Sun exposure and protection were characterized by the presence of sunburn, duration of sun exposure, frequency of seeking shade, frequency of wearing a hat and frequency of wearing sunscreen. Using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software 9.3.1, multivariate logistic regression models were compiled.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unhealthy behaviour practices were associated with sunburns or infrequent sun protection behaviour, such as cigarette consumption (either current or former smokers), second\u2010hand smoke exposure, not having a regular doctor, higher level of alcohol consumption, street drug usage and low levels of fruit\/vegetable consumption. Approximately one\u2010quarter of individuals had less than the recommended value of serum vitamin D levels (&lt;50\u00a0nmol\/L), despite 39.2% of these individuals reporting \u22651\u00a0hour of sun exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modifiable lifestyle risk factors for other cancers are correlated with infrequently practicing sun protection behaviours for skin cancer prevention. Therefore, cancer prevention campaigns can aim to target all these risk factors associated with different cancers. Sun exposure is not a reliable source to obtain recommended vitamin D levels and that other sources (eg. fish, egg yolk, fortified drinks and supplements) are a safer and more reliable option.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T14:49:36Z","timestamp":1559746176000},"page":"429-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relationship between sun safety behaviours and modifiable lifestyle cancer risk factors and vitamin D levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5271-5273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil","family":"Kalia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia &amp; Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Cancer Control Research Department BC Cancer Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue Kay Kali","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia &amp; Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Deaths: Preliminary data for 2011. 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