{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:31:00Z","timestamp":1781649060760,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007713","name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sunlight exposure causes several types of health issues to humans, and in particular, it affects especially the skin. Among the most common harmful issues developed by UV exposure are erythema, pigmentation, and lesions in DNA, which may lead to cancer. These long\u2010term effects can be minimized with the use of sunscreen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of commercial UV filters causes severe side effects such as skin allergy and whitening of the skin. Therefore, in this study the effectiveness of Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, a compound abundantly present in the soils of certain South Asian regions, has been the first time explored as UV filter. This compound leaves a low amount of white residue on the skin and is highly stable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The comparative study of a cosmetic formulation having 5% Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, and other formulations containing 5% TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and 5% ZnO as inorganic UV filters, was performed to evaluate the physical and chemical stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>The zeta potential and chemical stability of formulations containing these different UV filters were investigated by using UV\u2010Vis spectroscopy, FTIR\u2010ATR, and X\u2010ray diffraction. Results indicated Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> as a promising innovative UV filter with an SPF value of 37.94. One of the reasons is its low interaction with organic filter, that is, PABA, as compared to commercial ZnO and TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inorganic UV filters. Biological absorption in organs was studied by ICP\u2010MS on model mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>It also has a low photocatalytic activity; thus, formation of radicals is minimum. Moreover, Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> showed a recognized ability to leave a low amount of white residue on the skin combined with great stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T10:47:37Z","timestamp":1600944457000},"page":"39-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigation of calcium silicate as a natural clay\u2010based sunblock: Formulation and characterization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Naseem","family":"Abbas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suryyia","family":"Manzoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saira","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Muhammad","family":"Husnain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeeshan","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology University of Karachi  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveeda","family":"Saira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Labs Servo Motor Oil Private Limited  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazala","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315139616-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520953772"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.02.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2005.01.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"28194","article-title":"Sunscreen drug products for over\u2010the counter human use; tentative final monograph","volume":"59","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fed Reg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2005.09468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2009.01289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2005.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0500535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KotovaO.Clay Minerals: Adsorbophysical Properties. 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