{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T21:40:39Z","timestamp":1790458839780,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess efficacy, tolerability, adverse effects, recurrence, and aesthetic results of imiquimod 3.75% vs. photodynamic therapy with 5\u2010aminolaevulinic acid (MAL\u2010PDT) for actinic keratosis (AK).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A small randomized, intraindividual right\u2010left pilot study for AK treatment of multiple scalp lesions was performed. Patients were treated with imiquimod and subsequently MAL\u2010PDT (on opposite sides of the scalp) 14\u00a0days apart. Study end points were evaluated with clinical and dermoscopic examinations at 1, 3, 6, and 12\u00a0months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine male bald patients were enrolled. Imiquimod achieved a slightly higher overall clearance rate than MAP\u2010PDT (68.1% vs 56.5%). According to AK degree of severity, clearance rates were greater for degree I and III with imiquimod (68.8%, 64.5% and 75% with imiquimod vs. 48%, 69.8%, and 66.7% for MAL\u2010PDT, respectively). At 12\u00a0months, a slightly higher total recurrence rate was noted for imiquimod compared with MAL\u2010PDT (9.9% vs. 8.6%); new lesions were 2 degree I for imiquimod and 4 degree I for MAL\u2010PDT. For both treatments, pain was moderate\/strong (even if MAL\u2010PDT seems to be less tolerable) adverse effects are common and transient; aesthetic results excellent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both imiquimod and MAL\u2010PDT were effective in the reduction in the number of AK. In the long\u2010term, both present a good effectiveness maintained over time with excellent aesthetic results. A combination or sequential therapy could optimize the management of the cancerization field.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T14:07:13Z","timestamp":1612966033000},"page":"404-409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparative study of imiquimod 3.75% vs. photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis of the scalp"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8007-4429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Cortelazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5910-8994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Odorici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Castagnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pellacani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Di Nuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91658-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(91)70113-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07426.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2015.2570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540500900501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700264"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-5-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2014.2265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15272"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1590524"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cost\u2010efficay analysis of 3% diclofenac sodium, ingenol mebutate, and 3.75% imiquimod in the treatment of actinic keratosis","volume":"32","author":"Nistic\u00f2 S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"166","article-title":"Imiquimod 2.5% and 3.75% for the treatment of actinic keratoses: two phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled studies","volume":"13","author":"Swanson N","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Drug Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09492.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015550510042868"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03259.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03670.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Actinic keratosis and field cancerization","volume":"21","author":"Stockfleth E","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08271.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","article-title":"Multicentre intraindividual randomized trial of topical methyl aminolevulinate\u2010photodynamic therapy vs. cryotherapy for multiple actinic keratoses on the extremities","author":"Kaufmann R","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.119649"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70114-3"}],"container-title":["Photodermatology, Photoimmunology &amp; Photomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phpp.12671","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/phpp.12671","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/phpp.12671","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T01:17:55Z","timestamp":1693358275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/phpp.12671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/phpp.12671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phpp.12671","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-4383","1600-0781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-4383","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0781","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}