{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T11:50:12Z","timestamp":1776945012166,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015803","name":"BC Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007475","name":"Canadian Dermatology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007475","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014823","name":"VGH and UBC Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>A recent direction in skin disease classification is to develop quantitative diagnostic techniques. Skin relief, colloquially known as roughness, is an important clinical feature. The aim of this study is to demonstrate a novel polarization speckle technique to quantitatively measure roughness on skin lesions in vivo. We then calculate the average roughness of different types of skin lesions to determine the extent to which polarization speckle roughness measurements can be used to identify skin cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experimental conditions were set to target the fine relief structure on the order of ten microns within a small field of view of 3\u2009mm. The device was tested in a clinical study on patients with malignant and benign skin lesions that resemble cancer. The cancer group includes 37 malignant melanomas (MM), 43 basal cell carcinomas (BCC), and 26 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), all categories confirmed by gold standard biopsy. The benign group includes 109 seborrheic keratoses (SK), 79 nevi, and 11 actinic keratoses (AK). Normal skin roughness was obtained for the same patients (301 different body sites proximal to the lesion).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average <jats:italic>root mean squared<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>rms<\/jats:italic>) roughness \u00b1 standard error of the mean for MM and nevus was equal to 19\u2009\u00b1\u20095\u2009\u03bcm and 21\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u2009\u03bcm, respectively. Normal skin has <jats:italic>rms<\/jats:italic> roughness of 31\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u2009\u03bcm, other lesions have roughness of 35\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009\u03bcm (AK), 35\u2009\u00b1\u20097\u2009\u03bcm (SCC), 31\u2009\u00b1\u20094\u2009\u03bcm (SK), and 30\u2009\u00b1\u20095\u2009\u03bcm (BCC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>An independent\u2010samples Kruskal\u2013Wallis test indicates that MM and nevus can be separated from each of the tested types of lesions, except each other. These results quantify clinical knowledge of lesion roughness and could be useful for optical cancer detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T04:30:47Z","timestamp":1683174647000},"page":"449-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Micro\u2010relief characterization of benign and malignant skin lesions by polarization speckle analysis in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Lioudmila","family":"Tchvialeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Control Research BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Control Research BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Control Research BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haishan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology Imaging Unit BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Oncology Imaging Unit BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Skin Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Photomedicine Institute Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Control Research BC Cancer  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide to Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Habif TP","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Geometrical product specifications 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