{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:44:15Z","timestamp":1788579855829,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin microbiota is essential for health maintenance. Photoaging is the primary environmental factor that affects skin homeostasis, but whether it influences the skin microbiota remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between photoaging and skin microbiome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cohort of senior bus drivers was considered as a long\u2010term unilateral ultraviolet (UV) irradiated population.\n                      <jats:italic>16S rRNA<\/jats:italic>\n                      amplicon sequencing was conducted to assess skin microbial composition variations on different sides of their faces. The microbiome characteristics of the photoaged population were further examined by photoaging guinea pig models, and the correlations between microbial metabolites and aging\u2010related cytokines were analyzed by high\u2010throughput sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Photoaging decreased the relative abundance of microorganisms including\n                      <jats:italic>Georgenia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Thermobifida<\/jats:italic>\n                      in human skin and downregulated the generation of skin microbe\u2010derived antioxidative metabolites such as ectoin. In animal models,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Streptobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      abundance in both the epidermis and dermis dropped after UV irradiation, resulting in low levels of skin antioxidative molecules and leading to elevated expressions of the collagen degradation factors matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)\u20101 and MMP\u20102 and inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20106.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin microbial characteristics have an impact in photoaging and the loss of microbe\u2010derived antioxidative metabolites impairs skin cells and accelerates the aging process. Therefore, microbiome\u2010based therapeutics may have potential in delaying skin aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T14:14:18Z","timestamp":1720188858000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Skin microbiome profiling reveals the crucial role of microbial metabolites in anti\u2010photoaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology Guangdong Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou 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