{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:27:04Z","timestamp":1793042824349,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]],"date-time":"2014-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007514","name":"University of Pisa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trichinella pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> exhibit differences in the host\u2010parasite relationship such as the inflammatory response in parasitized muscles. Several studies indicate that matrix metalloproteinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>s) represent a marker of inflammation since they regulate inflammation and immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of gelatinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102) in mice experimentally infected with <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic>, to elucidate the involvement of these molecules during the inflammatory response to these parasites. Gelatin zymography on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDS<\/jats:styled-content> polyacrilamide gels was used to assess the serum levels and <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> zymography on muscle histological sections to show the <jats:italic>gelatinase\u2010positive<\/jats:italic> cells. In <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> infected mice, the total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 serum level increased 6\u00a0days post\u2010infection whereas, the total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 serum level increased onward. A similar trend was observed in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> infected mice but the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 level was lower than that detected in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> infected mice. Significant differences were also observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 levels between the two experimental groups. The number of gelatinase positive cells was higher in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> than in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> infected muscles. We conclude that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 are markers of the inflammatory response for both <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T21:24:41Z","timestamp":1407965081000},"page":"540-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)\u20102 and MMP\u20109 as inflammation markers of <i>Trichinella spiralis<\/i> and <i>Trichinella pseudospiralis<\/i> infections in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Bruschi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research N.T.M.S., Medical School Universit\u00e0 di Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research N.T.M.S., Medical School Universit\u00e0 di Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Fornaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research N.T.M.S., Medical School Universit\u00e0 di Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Naccarato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research N.T.M.S., Medical School Universit\u00e0 di Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Menicagli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research N.T.M.S., Medical School Universit\u00e0 di Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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