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The intracellular parasite can persist lifelong in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> within neurons modifying their function and structure, thus leading to specific behavioural changes of the host. In recent years, several <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies and murine models have focused on the elucidation of these modifications. Furthermore, investigations of the human population have correlated <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> seropositivity with changes in neurological functions; however, the complex underlying mechanisms of the subtle behavioural alteration are still not fully understood. The parasites are able to induce direct modifications in the infected cells, for example by altering dopamine metabolism, by functionally silencing neurons as well as by hindering apoptosis. Moreover, indirect effects of the peripheral immune system and alterations of the immune status of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content>, observed during chronic infection, might also contribute to changes in neuronal connectivity and synaptic plasticity. In this review, we will provide an overview and highlight recent advances, which describe changes in the neuronal function and morphology upon <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]],"date-time":"2014-11-06T15:10:39Z","timestamp":1415286639000},"page":"159-170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\u2010induced neuronal alterations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Parlog","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Schl\u00fcter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"},{"name":"Helmholtz\u2010Centre for Infection Research Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. 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