{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:17:57Z","timestamp":1787015877230,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,12]],"date-time":"2016-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\/06684\u20109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\/06684\u20109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Canine visceral leishmaniasis (\n CVL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is caused by the intracellular parasite\n Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>\n . Increased levels of arginase, nitric oxide (\n NO<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) and prostaglandin E2 (\n PGE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) can play a regulatory role regarding the immune response in\n CVL<\/jats:styled-content>\n cases. This study aimed to evaluate the arginase activity in adherent macrophages cultured from the lymph nodes of healthy and naturally infected dogs and to examine the\n NO<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n and\n PGE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels in the supernatant of these cultures. In addition, the regulatory effect of\n PGE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n on the production of tumour necrosis factor (\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1) and interleukin\u201010 (\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010) in supernatants from the total lymph node was observed in leucocyte cultures. The arginase activity was lower in the adherent macrophages cultured from the lymph nodes of naturally infected dogs and there were higher concentrations of\n NO<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n and\n PGE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n in the supernatants of these cultures. Higher\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 concentrations were observed in supernatants from total lymph node leucocytes cultures, from infected dogs, and the presence of indomethacin only decreased\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 in the supernatant of these cultures. We conclude that the low arginase activity in macrophages suggested that M1 polarization and\n PGE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n were participating in the immune response and were increasing\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 in\n CVL<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T05:12:56Z","timestamp":1470805976000},"page":"698-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["M1 polarization and the effect of\n PGE<\/scp>\n 2<\/sub>\n on\n TNF<\/scp>\n \u2010\u03b1 production by lymph node cells from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"G. L.","family":"Venturin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science School of Veterinary Medicine S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Ara\u00e7atuba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. M.","family":"Chiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science School of Veterinary Medicine S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Ara\u00e7atuba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. L. O.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science School of Veterinary Medicine S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Ara\u00e7atuba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. F. M.","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science School of Veterinary Medicine S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Ara\u00e7atuba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. M. F.","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Ara\u00e7atuba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00436-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(93)90195-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v32.i6.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1001-907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002417"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.6.777"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001977"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.9.6085-6090.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-001-8025-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.49.1.73","article-title":"Killing of Leishmania parasites in activated murine macrophages is based on an l\u2010arginine\u2010dependent process that produces nitrogen derivatives","volume":"49","author":"Mau\u00ebl J","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Evaluation of killing, superoxide anion and nitric oxide production by Leishmania infantum\u2010infected dog monocytes","volume":"95","author":"Panaro MA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cytobios"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-1-10"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nitric oxide production by Leishmania\u2010infected macrophages and modulation by cytokines and prostaglandins","volume":"43","author":"Brandonisio O","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(91)90064-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15943.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.2.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.207449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(84)90181-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.134.1.556","article-title":"Arachidonic acid metabolism by murine peritoneal macrophages infected with Leishmania donovani: in vitro evidence for parasite\u2010induced alterations in cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways","volume":"134","author":"Reiner NE","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.58.2.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1364859411Y.0000000027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.6.4012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2000.0694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.8.3442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200006)30:6<1683::AID-IMMU1683>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4368","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.9.4368","article-title":"B7\/CD28\u2010dependent IL\u20105 production by human resting T cells is inhibited by IL\u201010","volume":"152","author":"Schanden\u00e9 L","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2003000400010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.1.221","article-title":"Vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis in a murine model. I. Induction of protective immunity with a soluble extract of promastigotes","volume":"139","author":"Scott P","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.15.2125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.1.361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-011-0066-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-014-0115-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0057-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00312-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.023"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpim.12353","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.12353","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T09:09:10Z","timestamp":1695978550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.12353"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.12353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.12353","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-9838","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,12]]}}}