{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T20:01:37Z","timestamp":1783195297226,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]],"date-time":"2016-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003009","name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of T helper\u201017 (Th17) lymphocytes in the regulation of<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>soluble egg antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010induced granuloma is unknown. This study examined the effect of Th17 cytokines (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022) on granulocyte recruitment and functions during<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced granuloma formation in vitro in<jats:italic>Schistosoma\u2010<\/jats:italic>infected and noninfected individuals. Granulocytes were isolated from 27<jats:italic>Schistosoma\u2010infected<\/jats:italic>patients and 13 controls and were used for granuloma induction using<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010conjugated polyacrylamide beads in the presence of Th17 cytokines. Granuloma index was assessed, and granulocyte mediators such as tumour necrosis factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1), hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and nitric oxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured in the culture supernatant at the 7th day using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>).<jats:italic>Schistosoma\u2010infected<\/jats:italic>patients had significant larger<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced granuloma than controls.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 (125\u00a0pg\/mL) induced the optimum size for granuloma within 3\u20107\u00a0days. However,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022 at different concentrations up to 300\u00a0pg\/mL had no effect on granuloma formation. Using both cytokines simultaneously,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022 suppressed the effect of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 and prevented granuloma formation.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 significantly decreased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>levels in<jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected individuals. In contrast,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022 increased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels. In conclusion,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 accelerates<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced granuloma formation and inhibits granulocytes functions in<jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected patients, while<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022 inhibited the granuloma formation, but enhanced granulocyte functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T16:05:08Z","timestamp":1476461108000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Protective role of<scp>IL<\/scp>\u201022 against<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>soluble egg antigen\u2010induced granuloma in Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Nady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology and Entomology Department Faculty of Science Helwan University Helwan Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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