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Epithelial cells provide the first line of defence against <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> infection and play a critical role in the initiation, regulation and resolution of both innate and adaptive immune reactions. Host miRNAs in mammalian cells have been shown to play crucial roles in cellular responses to infection by diverse pathogens, including viruses, parasites and bacteria. Given the absence of RNAi machinery in <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium,<\/jats:italic> lack of miRNA expression in the parasite and minimal invasion nature of infection, <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> infection provides an ideal model for exploring miRNA\u2010mediated epithelial cell defence, relevant to infection of mucosal epithelial cells by pathogens in general. Increasing evidence supports that miRNAs may modulate many stages of epithelial responses following <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> infection, including activation of the intracellular signalling pathways, production of antimicrobial molecules, expression of cytokines\/chemokines, release of epithelial cell\u2010derived exosomes and feedback regulation of immune homeostasis. On the other hand, this parasite may have developed strategies to modulate host miRNA\u2010mediated cellular function for immune evasion. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances on miRNA regulation of epithelial responses to <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> infection, with an emphasis on host defence and parasite immune evasion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T10:56:35Z","timestamp":1481972195000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Regulation of host epithelial responses to <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i> infection by microRNAs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"Ming","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology School of Basic Medical Sciences Wuhan University  Hubei China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Creighton University School of Medicine  Omaha NE 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