{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T11:38:00Z","timestamp":1789472280434,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"DG SANTE of the European Commission"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In humans, studies on the cellular immune response against <jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic> are scarce. Aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine profile of T cells specific for <jats:italic>Trichinella britovi<\/jats:italic> in trichinellosis patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>) were obtained from five patients involved in a trichinellosis outbreak caused by <jats:italic>T.\u00a0britovi<\/jats:italic>, which occurred in 2013 in Tuscany (Italy). All the patients resulted positive for <jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific IgG, IgE and presented eosinophilia. T cells were investigated for their proliferation to excretory\/secretory antigens from <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic> muscle larvae (Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>) and for their cytokine profile. A total of 284 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+ and 42 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+ T\u2010cell clones were obtained from the Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific T\u2010cell lines from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>. All T\u2010cell clones proliferated in response to mitogen. Of the 284 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+ T\u2010cell clones generated from Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific T\u2010cell lines, 135 (47%) proliferated significantly to Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>; 26% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+ T\u2010cell clones showed proliferation to Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>. In the series of the 135 Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+ clones, 51% expressed a Th2 profile, 30% a Th0 and 19% Th1. In the series of the 11 Ts<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+ T\u2010cell clones, 18% were Tc2, 45% Tc0 and 36% Tc1. In human trichinellosis, the cellular immune response is, during the chronic phase, mixed Th1\/Th2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T18:23:16Z","timestamp":1484936596000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["T\u2010cell clones in human trichinellosis: Evidence for a mixed Th1\/Th2 response"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Della Bella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Benagiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"De Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale di Lucca  Lucca Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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