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However, this response damages the host which favours the survival of the parasite. In the search for novel pharmacological strategies that inhibit the Th1 immune response and assist the host against <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> infection, a recent study showed that resiniferatoxin had anti\u2010inflammatory activity contributed to the host in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> infection. In this study, we evaluated whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTX<\/jats:styled-content> modulates the host immune response through the inhibition of Th1 cytokines in the intestinal phase. In addition, it was determined whether the treatment with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTX<\/jats:styled-content> affects the infectivity of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic>\u2010L1 and the development of the <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> life cycle. Our results show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTX<\/jats:styled-content> decreased serum levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201012, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and parasite burden on muscle tissue. It was observed that <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic>\u2010L1 treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTX<\/jats:styled-content> decreased their infectivity affecting the development of the <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic> life cycle in mouse. These results demonstrate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTX<\/jats:styled-content> is able to inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines, contributing to the defence against <jats:italic>T.\u00a0spiralis<\/jats:italic>, which places it as a potential drug modulator of the immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T07:18:38Z","timestamp":1496647118000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Resiniferatoxin modulates the Th1 immune response and protects the host during intestinal nematode infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9403-1566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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