{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T21:15:09Z","timestamp":1767906909939,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001845","name":"Science for Equity, Empowerment and Development Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SEED\/SARTHI\/HP\/19\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEED\/SARTHI\/HP\/19\/2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001845","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flea allergy dermatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAD<\/jats:styled-content>) is the common, often neglected skin disease of goats caused mainly by <jats:italic>Ctenocephalides felis<\/jats:italic>. This study aimed to evaluate the immuno\u2010oxidative pathobiology of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAD<\/jats:styled-content> in goats. Twelve goats from the same herd were divided into two groups of six animals each. The group I (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAD<\/jats:styled-content>) included animals with natural flea infestation and severe dermatitis lesions. The group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> (Healthy control) animals were free from any parasitic infestation. To assess the pathological changes, the markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity), and immune status (Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 10, Transforming growth factor beta 1 and Th1\/Th2 cytokine ratio) were evaluated from the blood and the serum samples. Remarkable oxidative stress and severe inflammatory response with Th2 cytokine dominance were observed in flea infested animals. Highly antigenic agents of fleas, either secretory or excretory or structural, induced severe inflammatory responses and significant oxidative stress in caprine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAD<\/jats:styled-content>. Massive release of cytokines may be responsible for severe skin inflammation and lesions in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAD<\/jats:styled-content> in contrast to other Th2 dominant ectoparasitic skin conditions of goats\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T08:33:11Z","timestamp":1509611591000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Th1\/Th2 immune responses and oxidative stress in caprine flea allergy dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7691-9986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.","family":"Ajith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine Indian Veterinary Research Institute  Izatnagar UP India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Dimri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine Indian Veterinary 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