{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:35:47Z","timestamp":1789983347603,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Innate lymphoid cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>s) are a group of lymphocytes that carry out important functions in immunity to infections and in organ homeostasis at epithelial barrier surfaces. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>s are innate immune cells that provide an early source of cytokines to initiate immune responses against pathogens. Cytotoxic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>s (i.e. conventional (c)<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells) and several subsets of helper\u2010like <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>s are the major branches of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content> family. Conventional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells and group 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>s share several characteristics such as surface receptors and the ability to produce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 upon activation, but they differ in their developmental paths and in their dependence on specific transcription factors. Infection of mice with the intracellular parasite <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is followed by a strong Th1\u2010mediated immune response. Previous studies indicate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1.1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells contribute to the production of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content> and cytotoxicity during acute <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> infection. Upon oral infection, the parasite infects intestinal enterocytes, and within the lamina propria, innate immune responses lead to initial parasite control although the infection disseminates widely and persists long\u2010term in immune privileged sites despite adaptive immunity. Upon parasite entry into the small intestine, during the acute stage, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>1 produce high levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content> protecting barrier surfaces, thus essentially contributing to early parasite control. We will discuss here the role of innate lymphocytes during <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> infection in the context of the only recently appreciated diversity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content> subsets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T12:06:10Z","timestamp":1515585970000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Group 1 innate lymphoid cells in <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"I. 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