{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T17:18:37Z","timestamp":1772039917991,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,29]],"date-time":"2018-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI53695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI53695"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study evaluated potential changes in antischistosome immune responses in children from schools that received 4 rounds of annual mass drug administration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content>) of praziquantel (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PZQ<\/jats:styled-content>). In a repeated cross\u2010sectional study design, 210 schistosome egg\u2010positive children were recruited at baseline from schools in western Kenya (baseline group). Another 251 children of the same age range were recruited from the same schools and diagnosed with schistosome infection by microscopy (post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> group). In\u2010vitro schistosome\u2010specific cytokines and plasma antibody levels were measured by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> and compared between the 2 groups of children. Schistosome soluble egg antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content>) and soluble worm antigen preparation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SWAP<\/jats:styled-content>) stimulated higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105 production by egg\u2010negative children in the post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> group compared to the baseline group. Similarly, anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content> IgE levels were higher in egg\u2010negative children in the post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> group compared to the baseline group. Anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content> and anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SWAP<\/jats:styled-content> IgG4 levels were lower in egg\u2010negative children in the post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> group compared to baseline. This resulted in higher anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEA<\/jats:styled-content> IgE\/IgG4 ratios for children in the post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> group compared to baseline. These post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content> immunological changes are compatible with the current paradigm that treatment shifts immune responses to higher antischistosome IgE:IgG4 ratios in parallel with a potential increase in resistance to reinfection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]],"date-time":"2018-03-31T15:24:03Z","timestamp":1522509843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of four rounds of annual school\u2010wide mass praziquantel treatment for <i>schistosoma mansoni<\/i> control on schistosome\u2010specific immune responses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7809-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. 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