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We demonstrated previously that proliferation of prostate stromal cells was induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells in response to <jats:italic>Trichomonas\u00a0vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (Tv) infection via crosstalk with mast cells. In this study, we investigated whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 released by the proliferating stromal cells in turn induce the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells to multiply. When culture supernatants of the proliferating prostate stromal cells were added to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells, the latter multiplied, and expression of cyclin D1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGF<\/jats:styled-content>2 and Bcl\u20102 increased. Blocking the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 signalling pathway with anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106R antibody or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">JAK<\/jats:styled-content>1\/2 inhibitor inhibited the proliferation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells and reduced the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106R and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STAT<\/jats:styled-content>3. Also, epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition was detected in the proliferating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells. In conclusion<jats:bold>, <\/jats:bold><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 released from proliferating prostate stromal cells induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells infected with Tv in turn induces multiplication of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content> epithelial cells. This result provides first evidence that the inflammatory microenvironment of prostate stromal cells resulting from Tv infection induces the proliferation of prostate epithelial cells by stromal\u2010epithelial interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T06:48:55Z","timestamp":1523342935000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Proliferation of prostate epithelia induced by <scp>IL<\/scp>\u20106 from stroma reacted with <i>Trichomonas\u00a0vaginalis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology Hanyang University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Graduate School of Biomedical Science &amp; Engineering  Seoul 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