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The cysts are surrounded by a host fibrous layer (the pericyst) which acts to isolate the parasite from surrounding tissues. Previous studies in liver cysts have indicated that the parasite may be a stimulating fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hydatid cyst fluid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCF<\/jats:styled-content>) could influence the potential for fibrosis to occur in lung tissue by stimulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMT<\/jats:styled-content>) in a human lung epithelial cell line. An adenocarcinoma\u2010derived alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549) was used as a model for human alveolar epithelial cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AEC II<\/jats:styled-content>). These were cultured in vitro with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCF<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> sheep origin). Assays to investigate cell proliferation, cell migration and expression of cytoskeletal markers showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCF<\/jats:styled-content> could stimulate changes indicative of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMT<\/jats:styled-content>, including enhanced cell proliferation and migration; increased expression of mesenchymal cytoskeletal markers (fibronectin and vimentin) accompanied by a down\u2010regulation of an epithelial marker (E\u2010cadherin). Molecules within hydatid cyst fluid are capable of inducing phenotypic changes in A549 cells indicating that the parasite has the potential to modify lung epithelial cells which could contribute to fibrotic reactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T17:32:45Z","timestamp":1525282365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i> cyst fluid enhances epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5147-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. A.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre School of Environment &amp; Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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