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Half of XID mice received B\u20101 cells adoptive transfer (XID\u00a0+\u00a0B1). Five animals from each group were infected (Balb\/c I, XID I and XID\u00a0+\u00a0B1 I), totalizing six groups (n\u00a0=\u00a05). After 45\u00a0days of infection, the ileum was collected for histological processing and analysis. After infection, the XID animals showed an increase in the thickness of the intestinal layers, in the depth and width of the crypt and in the villi width. However, the Balb\/c I group showed a reduction in almost all these parameters, whereas the villi width was increased. The villi height decreased in the infected XID animals; however, it was increased in the XID\u00a0+\u00a0B1 I group. <jats:italic>Leishmania (L) infantum chagasi<\/jats:italic>infection caused a decrease in the number of Paneth cells; however, their area was increased. Finally, goblet cells and enterocytes presented different change profiles among groups. This study showed that the parasite infection causes structural and histopathological alterations in the intestine. These changes might be influenced by the absence of B\u20101 cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,3]],"date-time":"2019-07-03T07:42:41Z","timestamp":1562139761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Infection by <i>Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi<\/i> causes intestinal changes B\u20101 cells dependent"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7518-413X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karine Delgado","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellenn Pollyanna Alexandre","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda Gubert Alves","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lainy Leiny","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wagner Francisco Kennerly Marcondes","family":"Gonzaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Biochemistry of Fungi and Protozoa Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Diadema Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6329-6449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Xander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Biochemistry of Fungi and Protozoa Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Diadema Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gessilda de Alcantara","family":"Nogueira\u2010Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9bora de Mello Gon\u00e7ales","family":"Sant'Ana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"616","volume-title":"Parasitologia humana","author":"Neves DP","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"557","article-title":"Global leishmaniasis update, 2006\u20132015: a turning point in leishmaniasis surveillance","volume":"92","author":"World Health Organization\/Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Number of cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported \u2010 Data by country.2018.http:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/node.main.NTDLEISHVNUM?xml:lang=en. 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