{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T16:41:36Z","timestamp":1758127296410,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic> causes mild\u2010to\u2010severe cutaneous lesions resulting in significant disfigurations, if untreated. The drugs are toxic, and drug\u2010resistance parasites are emerging. Therefore, a prophylactic vaccination is an urgent need. As no vaccine is available, we compared the genes expressed by virulent and avirulent parasites. We identify <jats:italic>L\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> adenylate kinase (AdeK) as a probable vaccine candidate after a series of experimentations. We cloned the gene in mammalian pcDNA6\/HisA and pet28a<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> vector for in vivo expression following immunization and in vitro protein expression for booster, respectively. We observed that immunization of susceptible BALB\/c mice with AdeK resulted in significant protection against <jats:italic>L\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> challenge infection. The protection was accompanied by increased IFN\u2010\u03b3 producing lymphocytes and reduced IL\u20104, IL\u201017 and IL\u201010 secreting central and effector Th2, Th17 and Treg memory cells, respectively. These observations indicate <jats:italic>L\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> AdeK as a potential vaccine candidate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T10:05:38Z","timestamp":1575453938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<i>Leishmania major<\/i> adenylate kinase immunization offers partial protection to a susceptible host"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Shubhranshu","family":"Zutshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Cell Science Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Cell Science Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Sarode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Cell Science Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somenath","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vidyasagar University Midnapore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arup","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trident Academy of Creative Technology Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5833-7912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Cell Science Pune India"},{"name":"Trident Academy of Creative Technology Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.11120.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global Health Observatory data (GHO).https:\/\/www.who.int\/gho\/neglected_diseases\/leishmaniasis\/en\/. Accessed August 15 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/892817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis: update on vaccine development","volume":"9","author":"Whyte DC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Parasit Dis (Auckl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016002523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S146521"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2016.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M114.042812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2015.1081067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2009.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.2001.4656"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.8.4719-4725.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.5286-5289.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2015.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.12.6454-6460.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3793"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0713598"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpim.12688","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.12688","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pim.12688","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.12688","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T22:00:23Z","timestamp":1694124023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.12688"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.12688"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.12688","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0141-9838"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-3024"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-08-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12688"}}