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We explored the effect of <jats:italic>Sh<\/jats:italic> infection on antibody responses directed to <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> merozoite antigens and on malaria susceptibility in Beninese children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 268 children were followed during a malaria transmission season. Detection of <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> infection was performed by microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests. <jats:italic>Sh<\/jats:italic> infection was determined in urine by microscopy. Antimalarial antibody, cytokine and HLA\u2010G concentrations were quantified by ELISA. The expression of HLA\u2010G receptors by immune cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Children infected by <jats:italic>Sh<\/jats:italic> had higher concentrations of IgG1 directed to MSP3 and GLURP<jats:sub>R0<\/jats:sub>, IgG2 directed to GLURP<jats:sub>R0<\/jats:sub> and IgG3 directed to MSP3, GLURP<jats:sub>R0<\/jats:sub> and GLURP<jats:sub>R2<\/jats:sub> and have lower <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> densities than those uninfected by <jats:italic>Sh.<\/jats:italic> No difference in cytokine and HLA\u2010G concentrations was observed between <jats:italic>Sh<\/jats:italic> egg carriers and non\u2010carriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> modulates host immune responses directed to <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> antigens. The absence of immune downregulation usually observed during helminth infections is surprising in our study. We hypothesize that the stage of <jats:italic>Sh<\/jats:italic> development could partly explain the immune pathways leading to increased antibody levels that favour better control of <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> parasitemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T09:17:57Z","timestamp":1580894277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["<i>Schistosoma haematobium<\/i> infection modulates <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> parasite density and antimalarial antibody responses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2742-2364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e9onidas","family":"Tokplonou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d\u2019Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la Grossesse et \u00e0 l\u2019Enfance Facult\u00e9 des 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