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Oral\n                      <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection can promote intestinal inflammation in certain mice strains. The IDO\u2010AhR axis may control tryptophan (Trp) metabolism constituting an important immune regulatory mechanism in inflammatory settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the present study, we investigated the role of the intestinal microbiota on Trp metabolism during oral infection with\u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mice were treated with antibiotics for four weeks and then infected with\n                      <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      by gavage. Histopathology and immune responses were evaluated 8\u00a0days after infection. We found that depletion of intestinal microbiota by antibiotics contributed to resistance against\n                      <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and led to reduced expression of AhR on dendritic and Treg cells. Mice depleted of Gram\u2010negative bacteria presented higher levels of systemic Trp, downregulation of AhR expression and increased resistance to infection whereas depletion of Gram\u2010positive bacteria did not affect susceptibility or\u00a0expression of AhR on immune cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings indicate that the intestinal microbiota can control Trp availability and provide a link between the AhR pathway and host\u2010microbiota interaction in acute infection with\n                      <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T05:10:11Z","timestamp":1586495411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Intestinal microbiota regulates tryptophan metabolism following oral infection with\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Liliane M.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica e Imunologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra G.","family":"Commodaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Oftalmologia Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP) S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia R. R.","family":"Vasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica e Imunologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kohlhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz\u2010FIOCRUZ Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"de Paula Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz\u2010FIOCRUZ Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roney S.","family":"Coimbra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz\u2010FIOCRUZ Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olindo 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