{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T16:36:03Z","timestamp":1789058163429,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To date, a\n                      <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      vaccine for clinical use remains unavailable, though multiple vaccine candidates have been suggested. In our previous studies, unadjuvanted virus\u2010like particles (VLPs) vaccines expressing multiple\n                      <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      antigens were confirmed to be protective against\n                      <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      challenge infection. Yet, the protective efficacy of adjuvanted\n                      <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      VLP in comparison with the unadjuvanted counterpart requires elucidation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the present study, mice were immunized with the multi\u2010antigenic VLP vaccines (TG146 VLP) with or without CpG adjuvants and their protective efficacies were compared. CpG\u2010adjuvanted TG146 VLP vaccine elicited enhanced\n                      <jats:italic>T\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010specific IgG and IgA antibody responses in the sera, mucosal tissue and the brain compared to unadjuvanted VLPs vaccine. Inclusion of CpG adjuvant in vaccines also induced greater CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u2010cell responses, as well as B cell and germinal centre B cell responses from splenocytes and mesenteric lymph nodes. Pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine response and cyst counts in the brain were drastically diminished in mice immunized with CpG\u2010adjuvanted VLP vaccines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results demonstrated that CpG\u2010adjuvanted\n                      <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      VLPs can significantly enhance the protective efficacy of vaccines against\n                      <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T11:38:23Z","timestamp":1602761903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Protective immunity induced by CpG ODN\u2010adjuvanted virus\u2010like particles containing\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    proteins"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Hae\u2010Ji","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki\u2010Back","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Ju","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su\u2010Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunwoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Park Co., Ltd. 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