{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T20:13:51Z","timestamp":1774296831890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite immunization appearing to be the most appropriate strategy for long\u2010term control of the vector\u2010borne leishmaniases, no sustainable vaccine is currently available against any form of leishmaniasis. We therefore evaluated, in the context of vaccine antigen candidates, antigen\u2010specific immune response at various stages of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from healthy volunteers and CL patients (caused by either\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n                      or\n                      <jats:italic>L tropica<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were incubated with crude\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      proteins (soluble\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      antigen; SLA), single recombinant proteins (TSA, LeIF, LmSTI1) or chimeric fusion proteins (LEISH\u2010F2 and LEISH\u2010F3). The concentrations of immune modulatory cytokines were then determined. While we did not detect appreciable antigen\u2010specific IL\u20105 secretion, SLA induced secretion of interleukin (IL)\u201010 in cultures from early active lesion CL patients and even from healthy individuals. Conversely, interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3 responses to SLA and recombinant proteins followed a similar pattern, developing only in the late active CL lesion phase. Once established, antigen\u2010specific IFN\u2010\u03b3 responses persisted in cured CL patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Together, our results provide further insight into the development of immune responses during CL and further validate the selection of LEISH\u2010F2 and LEISH\u2010F3 as vaccine antigen candidates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T01:59:34Z","timestamp":1608688774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evolution of antigen\u2010specific immune responses in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0140-4122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akram Miramin","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research &amp; Training in Skin Diseases &amp; Leprosy (CRTSDL) Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm S.","family":"Duthie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HDT Bio Seattle WA SA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven G.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HDT Bio Seattle WA SA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7715-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Javadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicines Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3165-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Khamesipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research &amp; Training in Skin Diseases &amp; Leprosy (CRTSDL) Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.Leishmaniasis 2020. 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