{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T04:57:35Z","timestamp":1784264255146,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10-11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Previous studies have shown that\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      cystic fluid can alleviate Th2 allergic airway inflammatory responses by increasing the number of CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD25\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Foxp3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T (regulatory T; Treg) cells. Parasite\u2010derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are known to not only promote parasite infection by communicating between parasites but also regulate the inflammatory response by acting as an immunomodulatory agent in the host.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the effect of EV extracted from the cystic fluid of\n                      <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      on allergic airway inflammation, gene expression was investigated after administering EV to mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE\u201012) following 2\u00a0h of pretreatment with\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      proteins. An allergic airway inflammation animal model was used to investigate the regulation of the inflammatory response by EV and induced with ovalbumin.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EV treatment significantly reduced airway resistance and the number of eosinophils and other immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and Th2\u2010 and Th17\u2010related cytokine levels. EV pretreatment decreased the number of IL\u20104\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells and increased the number of Treg cells in the lung\u2010draining lymph nodes and spleen.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      cystic fluid derived EV ameliorated Th2 allergic airway inflammatory through Treg cells, similar to whole cystic fluid treatment. Thus, EV may be important immunomodulatory molecules in cystic fluid.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T15:30:17Z","timestamp":1624721417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Extracellular vesicles of\n                    <i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i>\n                    have therapeutic effects in allergic airway inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9392-0428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mi Jin","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9934-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin Ae","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da In","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hak Sun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital Yangsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2020.58.4.451"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9070562"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"541","article-title":"Experimental echinococcus infection in the mouse model: pericystic cellular immunity reaction and effects on the lymphoid organs of immunocompetent and thymectomized 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