{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:54:46Z","timestamp":1772160886092,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E\u201026\/2002.944\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E\u201026\/2002.944\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNPq (Universal) \u2010 311459\/2018\u20108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq (Universal) \u2010 311459\/2018\u20108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The golden hamster (\n                    <jats:italic>Mesocricetus auratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is commonly used as a promising model for\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection developing skin\u2010ulcerated lesions. However, different protocols using high concentration of parasites inoculated in the footpad result in severe clinical disease. Here, we further investigate the outcome of the site of infection and concentration of\n                    <jats:italic>L. braziliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasites inoculated on the immunopathogenesis and clinical evolution. Initially, hamsters were infected in the ear dermis or hind footpad with a concentration of 1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    parasites. Animals infected in the ear dermis developed a disease, with an increased parasite load that more closely resembled human cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions comparing to the group infected in the footpad. Next, we evaluated if different parasite concentrations (10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) inoculated in the ear dermis would impact the course and clinical aspects of infection. Hamsters infected with 10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    parasites developed mild lesions compared to the group infected with 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    that presented severe and persistent lesions. The parasite load varied between the different parasite concentrations. The inflammatory response was more intense when infection was initiated with 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    parasites accompanied by an increased initial expression of IL\u20104, IL\u201010 and arginase in the lymph node followed by expression of both pro\u2010and anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines comparing to groups infected with 10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    parasites. In conclusion, the number of parasites inoculated, and the initial site of infection could influence the inflammatory response, and clinical presentation. Our results suggest that the ear dermis infection model induces a chronic disease that relates to immunopathological aspects of CL natural infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]],"date-time":"2022-09-04T09:59:25Z","timestamp":1662285565000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Different inoculum of\n                    <i>Leishmania braziliensis<\/i>\n                    concentrations influence immunopathogenesis and clinical evolution in the ear dermis hamster model of cutaneous leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rafaelle","family":"de Paula Freire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco Rafael Marciano","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naya L\u00facia Rodrigues","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrel Xavier Martins","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel Peralva","family":"Ribeiro\u2010Rom\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas M\u00e9dicas Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane Isabelle Magno","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarissa Romero","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIOCRUZ Cear\u00e1, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Eus\u00e9bio Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regis","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIOCRUZ Cear\u00e1, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Eus\u00e9bio Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alda Maria","family":"Da\u2010Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas M\u00e9dicas Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Disciplina de Parasitologia, DMIP\u2010Faculdade de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1727-6201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jania","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Leishmaniasis.2017.http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs375\/en\/. 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