{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:50:29Z","timestamp":1791219029222,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]],"date-time":"2022-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000292","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SRC015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRC015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000292","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/V037315\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/V037315\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["219551\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["219551\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human fungal pathogens cause a broad plethora of infections, spanning cutaneous dermatophytoses to invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts. As eukaryotic pathogens are capable of morphotype switching, they present unique challenges both for drug development and the immunological response. Whilst current antifungal therapies are limited to the orally available triazoles, intravenous echonocandins and polyenes, and flucytosine and terbinafine, there has been recent significant progress in the antifungal armamentorium with ibrexafungerp, a novel orally available terpanoid that inhibits 1,3\u2010beta\u2010D\u2010glucan\u2010approved by Food and Drug Administration in 2021, and fosmanogepix, an orally available pro\u2010drug of manogepix, which targets glycosylphosphatidylinositol\u2010anchored protein maturation entering Phase 3 studies for candidaemia. A number of further candidates are in development. There has been significant use of existing immunotherapies such as recombinant interferon\u2010\u03b3 and G\u2010CSF for fungal disease in immunocompromised patients, and there are emerging opportunities for monoclonal antibodies targeting TH2 inflammation. Omalizumab, an anti\u2010IgE monoclonal antibody in asthma, is now used routinely for the treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and further agents targeting IL\u20104 and IL\u20105 are being evaluated. In addition, T\u2010cell CAR therapy is showing early promise for fungal disease. Thus, we are likely to see rapid advances to our approach to the management of fungal disease in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T04:33:32Z","timestamp":1668918812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Antifungal chemotherapies and immunotherapies for the future"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1014-7343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darius","family":"Armstrong\u2010James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2021.100115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.01.001"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"416","article-title":"Insights into fungal morphogenesis and immune evasion: fungal conidia, when situated in mammalian lungs, may switch from mold to pathogenic yeasts or spore\u2010forming spherules","volume":"3","author":"Gauthier G","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbe Wash DC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2017.1328279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-010-9386-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01611-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-021-01159-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30510-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-233072"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Fluconazole (diflucan): its clinical spectrum and development","volume":"197","author":"Espejo Martinez J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Clin Esp"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"Fundamental concepts of azole compounds and triazole antifungals: a beginner's review","volume":"37","author":"Martinez\u2010Matias N","year":"2018","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8040362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.19"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"Update on antifungal therapy with terbinafine","volume":"145","author":"Gianni C","year":"2010","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.2.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01795-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02611-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7030163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-021-00376-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myz083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab841"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6030122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1608304113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00487-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.105878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040373"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45890-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02280-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2020.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2018.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13286"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9040863"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00099-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02438-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00724-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02554-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/TJAR.2016.0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2020.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2012.04254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2012.06.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Combined treatment with amphotericin\u2010B and granulocyte transfusion from G\u2010CSF\u2010stimulated donors in an aplastic patient with invasive aspergillosis undergoing bone marrow transplantation","volume":"82","author":"Catalano L","year":"1997","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.11.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283536a93"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2021.2003071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421960"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bcmd.1995.0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4806.21.07623-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2019.07.011"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","first-page":"e9684","article-title":"Mepolizumab as possible treatment for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: a review of eight cases","volume":"12","author":"Tolebeyan A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.11.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415583686"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ar.2013.4.0045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02018-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI150807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1312789111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0714-604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-005-0910-8"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.12960","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pim.12960","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.12960","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T21:55:55Z","timestamp":1692482155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.12960"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.12960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.12960","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.12960\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.12960\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.12960\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-9838","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12960"}}