{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T18:24:21Z","timestamp":1772821461716,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK128292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK128292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI171222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI171222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Schistosomiasis affects nearly 240 million people in predominately low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries and ranks second in the number of cases and socio\u2010economic burden among all parasitic diseases. Despite the enormous burden posed by schistosomes, our understanding of how schistosomiasis impacts infected human tissues remains limited. Intestinal schistosomiasis in animal models leads to goblet cell hyperplasia, likely increasing mucus production and reflecting an intestinal type 2 immune response. However, it is unknown whether these same changes occur in schistosome\u2010infected humans. Using immunofluorescence and light microscopy, we compared the abundance and morphology of goblet cells in patients diagnosed with schistosomiasis to uninfected controls. The mucin\u2010containing vesicles in goblet cells from schistosome\u2010infected patients were significantly larger (hypertrophic) than uninfected individuals, although goblet cell hyperplasia was absent in chronic human schistosomiasis. In addition, we examined tuft cells in the large intestinal epithelium of control and schistosome\u2010infected patients. Tuft cell numbers expand during helminth infection in mice, but these cells have not been characterized in human parasite infections. We found no evidence of tuft cell hyperplasia during human schistosome infection. Thus, our study provides novel insight into schistosome\u2010associated changes to the intestinal epithelium in humans, suggesting an increase in mucus production by large intestinal goblet cells but relatively minor effects on tuft cell numbers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T03:36:42Z","timestamp":1681184202000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The abundance and morphology of human large intestinal goblet and tuft cells during chronic schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Gologorsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Mechler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erna","family":"Forg\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory W.","family":"Charville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3643-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael R.","family":"Howitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Schistosomiasis [Internet]. Accessed January 10 2022.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/schistosomiasis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0013-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12087"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri843"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1956.5.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.50.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02492"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"The schistosoma granuloma: friend or foe?","volume":"15","author":"Hams E","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front 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