{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T11:26:01Z","timestamp":1769599561444,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune cells are important for the development of schistosomiasis japonica and are also critical for the treatment of schistosomiasis. The immune cells in the peripheral blood help assess the immune state. The peripheral lymphocytes in schistosomiasis mansoni were well studied; however, immune cells in patients with different stages of schistosomiasis japonica are not well analysed. Here, we performed a preliminary study to explore characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with different stages of schistosomiasis japonica. 135 patients with <jats:italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/jats:italic> infection and 25 healthy volunteers were included in this study, including 84 patients with chronic <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> infection and 51 patients with advanced <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> infection. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate peripheral lymphocytes including T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Blood routine and liver function test data were analysed. Ultrasound examination was used to access liver fibrosis according to the World Health Organization standard about ultrasound in schistosomiasis. Demographic data analysis suggested there was no difference in age and gender in patients with <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> infection and health control group. Liver function tests showed that patients with advanced schistosomiasis had a higher incidence of liver function abnormality and blood lipid than those with chronic schistosomiasis. Blood routine results reflected that haemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets, as well as lymphocytes in the advanced group were significantly less than that in the chronic group. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis indicated that the percentage of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells was lower in the advanced group, but the percentage of CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells was higher in the advanced group. In addition, the number of CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, and NK cells was less in the advanced group when compared with those in the chronic group. In addition, there was a correlation between the decrease in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and more severe fibrosis on ultrasound images. Our results indicated that the immune state in the peripheral is different in different stages of <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> infection. Lymphocyte subset analysis has potential to facilitate differential diagnosis of different stages of schistosomiasis japonica and even to be a prognostic factor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.13006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T05:40:29Z","timestamp":1691473229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with different stages of schistosomiasis japonica"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Zhaoqin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Organ Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Organ Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Organ Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Organ Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yingzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Organ Transplantation, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69440-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01053-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61949-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Schistosomiasis: progress report 2001\u20132011 strategic plan 2012\u20132020.2013.https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/78074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30490-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-017-0271-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00758-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-021-00357-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762010000400012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000966"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0267"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0013-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-020-00789-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.105862"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimized pathway to schistosomiasis elimination in China: a scrutiny using a marginal benefit approach","volume":"35","author":"Li Q","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.icb.7100014"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"553","article-title":"Immunology of schistosomiasis","volume":"51","year":"1974","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2022.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00197.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/139.6.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-012-0354-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb52957.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4674-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7519856"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001456"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of schistosomiasis japonica\u2010concensuses among experts in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces","volume":"27","author":"Deng WC","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005417"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121532"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Ultrasound in schistosomiasis: a practical guide to the standardized use of ultrasonography for the assessment of schistosomiasis\u2010related morbidity.2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4225-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2016.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.605235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800690605"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07648-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22875"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.13006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T03:43:09Z","timestamp":1694749389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.13006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.13006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.13006","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-9838","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-02-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13006"}}