{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:47:30Z","timestamp":1792223250677,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6\/9\u20107(263)KA\/2021\/ECD\u2010II"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6\/9\u20107(263)KA\/2021\/ECD\u2010II"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009104","name":"Department of Health Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V.25011\/611\/2016\u2010HR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V.25011\/611\/2016\u2010HR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In visceral leishmaniasis, the Type II helper T cell predominance results in B cell modulation and enhancement of anti\u2010leishmanial IgG. However, information regarding its dermal sequel, post\u2010kala\u2010azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), remains limited. Accordingly, this study aimed to elucidate the B cell\u2010mediated antibody\u2010dependent\/independent immune profiles of PKDL patients. In the peripheral blood of PKDL patients, immunophenotyping of B cell subsets was performed by flow cytometry and by immunohistochemistry at lesional sites. The functionality of B cells was assessed in terms of skin IgG by immunofluorescence, while the circulating levels of B cell chemoattractants (CCL20, CXCL13, CCL17, CCL22, CCL19, CCL27, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) were evaluated by a multiplex assay. In patients with PKDL as compared with healthy controls, there was a significant decrease in pan CD19\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells. However, within the CD19\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cell population, there was a significantly raised proportion of switched memory B cells (CD19\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IgD\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and plasma cells (CD19\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IgD\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD38\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). This was corroborated at lesional sites where a higher expression of CD20\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells and CD138\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    plasma cells was evident; they were Ki67 negative and demonstrated a raised IgG. The circulating levels of B cell chemoattractants were raised and correlated positively with lesional CD20\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells. The increased levels of B cell homing markers possibly accounted for their enhanced presence at the lesional sites. There was a high proportion of plasma cells, which accounted for the increased presence of IgG that possibly facilitated parasite persistence and disease progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.13031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T22:11:56Z","timestamp":1711404716000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Status of B\u2010Lymphocyte Subsets and Their Homing Markers in Patients With Post\u2010\n                    <scp>Kala\u2010Azar<\/scp>\n                    Dermal Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deep","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bidhan","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU) Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surya Jyati","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Govt. Medical\u00a0College and Hospital, Uluberia Howrah India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manab K.","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine School of Tropical Medicine Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5116-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitali","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1721-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04558.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00517-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1532790"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00251"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"1549","article-title":"Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Visceral Leishmaniasis","volume":"63","author":"Kumar R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Laboratory"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/588387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37144-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.IJD_258_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.8.2575"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.001555"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09430915"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.7.3681"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0590"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix808"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31204-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03603.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0467"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Impact of Amphotericin\u2010B in the Treatment of Kala\u2010Azar on the Incidence of PKDL in Bihar, India","volume":"128","author":"Thakur C. 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