{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T20:43:12Z","timestamp":1770064992218,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8383,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The systemic and local protective activity of Mongolian gerbils was examined after re\u2010infection with <jats:italic>Strongyloides venezuelensis<\/jats:italic>. Mongolian gerbils were unable to expel <jats:italic>S. venezuelensis<\/jats:italic> adult worms from the intestine for over ten weeks after a primary infection. Therefore, immune animals were prepared by treating with mebendazole four weeks after a primary infection and then they were challenged by different maturation stages of the parasite; subcutaneous inoculation with the infective larvae ( L<jats:sub>3)<\/jats:sub> obtained by faecal culture, oral administration of L3 obtained from the lungs of rats three days after a primary infection, or oral implantation of adult worms obtained from the intestines of rats seven days after a primary infection. The results show that, although immune animals were highly resistant against challenge infection by subcutaneous inoculation with cultured L<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, they were unable to expel orally administered lung\u2010recovered L3 nor orally implanted adult worms. Although potentiated mastocytosis was induced by challenge infections with lung\u2010recovered L<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and adult worms, all mast cells were formalin\u2010resistant, heparin\u2010containing cells and never seen in the epithelial layer. In spite of the defective protective capacity at the intestinal mucosa, circulating antibody production specific to S. venezuelensis adult as well as L3 antigen was positive. Therefore, the inability of Mongolian gerbils to expel S. venezuelensis adult worms from the intestine seems to be due to the defects of effector\/regulator cells, presumably mast cells, but not due to immune unresponsiveness to parasite antigen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.1993.15.10.565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T13:45:39Z","timestamp":1473774339000},"page":"565-571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Defective mucosal immunity and normal systemic immunity of Mongolian gerbils, <i>Meriones unguiculatus<\/i>, to reinfection with <i>Strongyloides venezuelensis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"A.I.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Horii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Nawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Worm expulsion and mucosal mast cell response induced by repetitive IL-3 administration in Strongyloides ratti-infected nude mice","volume":"63","author":"Abe T.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Induction of the expulsion of Strongyloides ratti and retention of Nippostrongy-lus brasiliensis in a thymic nude mice by repetitive administration of recombinant IL-3","volume":"76","author":"Abe T.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(81)90097-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(81)90032-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3282105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Strongyloides venezuelensis Brumpt, 1934 (Nematoda: Strongyloididae) collected from Rattus norvegicus in Naha, Okinawa, Japan","volume":"37","author":"Hasegawa H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000236219"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00012748"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"505","article-title":"Peculiar phenotype and localization of mast cells in the jejunum of Mongolian gerbils and their significance to mucosal defence against intestinal helminths","volume":"41","author":"Horii Y.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1993.tb00597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(93)90159-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3281279"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(83)90032-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.130.3.1386","article-title":"Immunoregulation in experimental filariasis II. Response to parasite and nonparasite antigens injirds with Brugia pahangi","volume":"130","author":"Lammie P.J.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(86)90028-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Evaluation of ELISA with ABTS, 2-2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid), as the substrate of peroxidase and its application to the diagnosis of schistosomiasis","volume":"54","author":"Matsuda H.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Immune reactions in mucous membranes. I. Intestinal mast cell response during helminth expulsion in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Miller H.R.P.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1980.tb00040.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(80)90044-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3280630"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(90)90173-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(90)90174-L"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpim.1993.15.10.565","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpim.1993.15.10.565","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.1993.15.10.565","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T17:05:01Z","timestamp":1698253501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.1993.15.10.565"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.1993.15.10.565"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.1993.15.10.565","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-9838","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]}}}