{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T02:42:12Z","timestamp":1788576132773,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The treatment of intracellular infections such as leishmaniasis is often challenging due to limited drug access to infected cells and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, the development of new antileishmanial compounds is essential. Paromomycin sulphate (PM) has shown promise as an antileishmanial drug, and one way to enhance its effectiveness is through appropriate delivery systems. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are being explored as a potential delivery system for PM, as they offer advantages over other colloidal carriers. In a recent study, PM was loaded into solid lipid nanoparticles (PM\u2010SLN) and its oral effectiveness was evaluated in treating\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    (L.)\n                    <jats:italic>major<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010infected mice. The study measured footpad swelling, quantified parasite load through real\u2010time PCR and assessed levels of cytokines such as interleukin\u20104 (IL\u20104) and gamma interferon (IFN\u2010c), nitric oxide (NO) and Arginase (ARG). Overall, the study demonstrated that oral administration of the PM\u2010SLN formulation is safe and effective in treating leishmaniasis. The SLN in the PM\u2010SLN compound improved the killing of parasites by PM and stimulated a Th1 immune response, indicating its potential as a treatment for leishmaniasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.70002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T13:35:22Z","timestamp":1740490522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Encapsulated With Paromomycin: An Effective Oral Formulation Against\n                    <i>Leishmania major<\/i>\n                    in Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6954-7942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Heidari\u2010Kharaji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery University of Missouri  Columbia, Missouri USA"},{"name":"Institute National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)\u2013Centre Armand\u2010Frappier Sant\u00e9Biotechnologie (CAFSB)  Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Montreal  Montreal, Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science McGill University  Montreal, Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182021000160"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007843"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005774"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"464","article-title":"Anti\u2010Leishmanial Activity of Artemisia Persica, A. spicigera, and A. fragrance Against Leishmania major","volume":"16","author":"Najm M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108976"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","article-title":"Herbal Drugs With Promising Anti\u2010Leishmanial Activity: New Hope for Leishmaniasis Treatment","volume":"3","author":"Heidari\u2010Kharaji M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Skin and Stem Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Limitations of Current Therapeutic Options, Possible Drug Targets and Scope of Natural Products in Control of Leishmaniasis","volume":"18","author":"Tiwari N.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2211352517666190123113843"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12605"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7422-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-015-0439-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.13068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2018-0448"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2017-0255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.05.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/tde-2016-0038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/750891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-014-1084-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.07.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-014-1084-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"354","article-title":"Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Amphotericin B (AmbiOnp): In\u00a0Vitro and In\u00a0Vivo Assessment Towards Safe and Effective Oral Treatment Module","volume":"6","author":"Chaudhari M. 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