{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T03:36:25Z","timestamp":1780457785628,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cancer is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) infection and antigens can be used to exert valuable antitumor effects. We studied the effect of\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    lysate antigen and excretory\/secretory antigens (ESAs) produced by\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    tachyzoites on Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC)\u2010bearing mice by histopathology (H&amp;E), immunohistochemistry (iNOS, VEGF, caspase 3), immunological (IFN\u2010\u03b3 and specific anti\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    IgG) and biochemical studies (redox state markers; MDA and SOD as well as apoptotic markers; BAX and BCL2). The results showed strong anti\u2010murine ESC effect by increasing tumour necrosis and apoptosis (high caspase 3 and BAX with low BCL2) as well as decreasing angiogenesis (weak VEGF and iNOS) and by increasing oxidative stress (low SOD with high MDA). In addition, specific anti\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    IgG was confirmed and high IFN\u2010\u03b3 was detected. We concluded that ESAs could be used as an effective supplementary biotherapy in the treatment of cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.70036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T04:49:55Z","timestamp":1761108595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of Antitumor Effects of\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    Different Antigens on Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Salwa S.","family":"Younis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7076-6827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basma M.","family":"Elmansory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hend A.","family":"Elrefaey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahla A.","family":"Nasef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara H.","family":"Elakshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radwa A.","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0016-6783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghada A.","family":"Gamea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msmbr.895555"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::AID-IJC1046>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.13035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9474823"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S49584"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.06.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.28.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262\u2010025\u201004069\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.2001.4620"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47515-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2006.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010642\u201051014\u20104_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166\u20106851(03)00196\u20108"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prophylactic Anti\u2010Neoplastic Activity of Toxoplasma gondii RH Derived Antigen Against Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma With Evidence of Shared Antigens by Comparative Immunoblotting","volume":"18","author":"Eissa M. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infectious Agents and Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.959300"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.107041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304\u20104017(03)00044\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.9525"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.8.4503"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.17.5.768-773.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.9.4382-4388.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5162687"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2269-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/132873"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032\u2010023\u201001994\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.5.3329"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.10.5878"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2007.22.S.S38"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2009.47.2.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2010.48.2.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-14-0235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(15)30003-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","first-page":"288","article-title":"Antitumor Effect of Formalin\u2010Fixed Toxoplasma gondii Organisms on EL4 Lymphoma in Toxoplasma Infected Mice","volume":"5","author":"Suzuki Y.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Response Modifiers"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.CAN\u201012\u20101974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533033820926593"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.54.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"1317","article-title":"Toxoplasma Infection and Cell Free Extract of the Parasites Are Able to Reverse Multidrug Resistance of Mouse Lymphoma and Human Gastric Cancer In\u00a0Vitro","volume":"19","author":"Varga A.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.52.735"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2014.52.6.605"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Inhibitory Effects of Toxoplasma Antigen on Proliferation and Invasion of Human Glioma Cells","volume":"37","author":"Choo J. D.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the Korean Neurosurgical Society"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Effects of Excreted\/Secreted Antigens of Toxoplasma gondii on CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T Cells and NK Cells of Melanoma\u2010Bearing Mice","volume":"23","author":"Jiao Y. M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16250\/j.32.1374.2018269"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/124.6.587"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12820"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijehe.ijehe_13_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21303\/2504-5695.2022.002409"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ijcm-135924"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001\u2010024\u201002057\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202201159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/raon\u20102023\u20100017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568\u2010025\u201001889\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1750\u20101760.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.105966"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010020\u20100306\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010021\u201017090\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210\u2010018\u20101558\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201032488\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639\u2010013\u20100390\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2016.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19362"}],"container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pim.70036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:41:44Z","timestamp":1761716504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pim.70036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pim.70036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pim.70036","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.70036\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.70036\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.70036\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PIM.70036\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0141-9838","1365-3024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-9838","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70036"}}